so, i was reading my java book and learning about objects and methods and it starts talking about Encapsulation and mentions that it's good practice to set instance variables as private and instead of accessing the instance variables directly, we should create a set method and get method to get and set the stuff we want to pass to the class containing the object...
for example, in this class, we're passing the integer 70 for object dog one and integer 8 for object dog two for the dog class... and these these 2 integers are sent to the setsize method so we're not accessing instance variable size directly.
i dont quite get it though....if we the programmer are the one deciding what size the integer is for the dog, and the setsize method takes the one.setSize(70) or (8) and puts them in setsize(int s) as s... but only to copy that integer stored in s back to private int size.... why do we even need to bother with making these two extra methods such as setSize, getSize?
in the book it says that... well what if the code gets into the wrong hand and someone writes something like one.setSize(0) then you would get a dog with size 0 which is essentially illogical. but then again, i'm the programmer, and i am the person who writes the code and passing the right integer.The reason for public and private... that part i understand... i can see why if a variable's data can get changed amidst the code during calculations and you dont want it to directly change the original variable and have it mess up the code, but this code from the book just a bad example of demonstrating the reason? since we manually pass the information ourselves and passing it to method setSize... and all setSize does is stores it in another integer, only to copy it right away to size (which is the original private variable we were tryign to protect?
Any simple code to demonstrate how the code might end up changing an instance variable and why we would want to protect it by using private?
class GoodDog {
private int size;
public int getSize() {
return size;
}
public void setSize(int s) {
size = s;
Do inherited methods use their instance variables or do they use the ones in the method that inherits them?
For example, Class B extends Class A. Class A and B both have the instance variable "potato". A client program tries to use method "cut" using an object of Class B, but class B has no cut method. So, class B uses the "cut" method inherited from class A. What I want to know is will that cut class A's potato or class B's?
I thought static methods could never use instance variables, because they wouldn't know which instance to look at.
From Head First Java, p. 284: "A static method is not associated with a particular instance - only the class - so it cannot access any instance variable values of its class. It wouldn't know which instance's values to use."
Now I was answering some mock exam questions from Cameron McKenzie's SCJA book, and I don't understand one of the options. On page 205, the last question has an option that says: "Instance variables ... are not visible in static methods, unless passed in as arguments." This option is supposed to be correct. Now... how does that work?
So far in my assignment I have successfully opened a text file. However I am required to do more:
1) As each line of text (containing names and ages) is read a new Runner object is created with its instance variables set thus: ! (Runner class already created )!
- name : set directly set from the value in the file - agaGroup : can be worked out from the given ages: < 18 should be 'junior' > 55 should be 'senior' the rest should be 'standard'
2) the instance of Runner should be added to the list referenced by the instance variable runners.
I have used if statements to create the junior list, however I do not see the full list of names and ages in the variable runners as I am requested to.
I am sure there is a for loop involved somewhere but I do not know how to:
a) use the for loop in my method add a new Runner object with the variable mentioned.
I include the code I have done so far as a file - p.s I use Bluej.
public class MarathonAdmin { // instance variables private String runners; private String age;
When creating a class with a constructor, why does one have to create private variables (attributes) to be used as parameters by the object? The object's parameters will be set to be exactly equal to the private variables (attributes), so what is the point of having the private variables (attributes) Why are both private variables (attributes) and parameters needed when they are set to be equal each other anyway?
I just recently started learning about encapsulation, how to set variables private and only accessible to other classes through setters() and getters(). I've seen a couple of programming examples, perhaps not enough but some from here, and I sort of built the assumption that by default all variables need to be private. to make things more clear, here's a card dealer I made which simply
1- generates a fulll deck of 52 cards 2- lets user decide how many players, with 5 as Max number allowed as each player is dealt 10 cards. 3- deal cards
I approached this by making A deck , card , player and game class
import java.util.ArrayList; public class Deck { //an Object of this Class would generate a full deck ie an ArrayList of 52 Cards private String[] suits={"Spades","Diamond","Clubs","Hearts"}; private int[] number={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13}; ArrayList<Cards> deck= new ArrayList<Cards>();
[code]....
I can understand why for example Deck class's suit and number arrays are set to private , as they only need to be accessed by this class only. however, both the Deck class's deck arraylist and the Player class arraylist are not private, as I need to transfer these values from one to the other and it felt to me that setting them to private would make it more difficult to deal with them, but what I did instead is to set the Game class dealCard(), which is the only method that have access to them as private. does this achieve the same effect or do I need to set both of these arrayList to private?a follow up question, this is more related to the actual card dealer program, in this code
private void dealCards(){
for(int x = 0 ; x < playerCount ; x++){ for(int y = 0 ; y < 10; y++){ playerList.get(x).pile.add(deck.deck.get(0)); deck.deck.remove(0); } } }
is there an API in ArrayList class that moves(adds to receiver and remove from giver) element across ArrayLists?
I am able to get output from my constructor when I place a loop inside of it. However when I try to access the private variable that I thought was set by the constructor I get nothing. When I check its size it is zero as well.
Java Code:
public class WinningHand extends PokerCalculator { private int p1Size; private int p2Size; private String[] p1Hand = new String[p1Size]; private String[] p2Hand = new String[p2Size];
The first is clear , new Person().printPerson(); displays Person but for the second : new Student().printPerson(); it accesses the Student constructor that points to the Person class => object. It builds the Person instance then goes back to the Student constuctor .Both methods are private and to my knowledge invisible one to the other , except that you cant run the the Person one because it's private so the only one in the Student class is the Student one . Guess it 's incorrect , but why ? (is because private methods cant be overriden and somehow the super class one always has priority ? , even if it's private?)
public class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { new Person().printPerson(); new Student().printPerson();
I thought you can only create a new object using private implementations and then using a constructor to set your arguments inside the parameters of the constructor to the instance variables but how come he created an object without any private implementations and just methods inside the constructor.
import javax.swing.JFrame; public class MyWindow extends JFrame { public static void main(String[]args){ new MyWindow(); } public MyWindow(){ setSize(500,500); setVisible(true); setTitle("MyWindow"); } }
I am having some problem accessing variables from an array instance of a class. Heres what i have done;
In the main class:
Example obj[]= new Example[4];
In the main class constructor:
obj[0] = new Example(0); obj[1] = new Example(1); obj[2] = new Example(2); obj[3] = new Example(3);
In the main update() method:
if(condition) //update
In the Example class constructor:
private boolean change = false;
In the Example class update() method:
if(x >20) change= true;
Now, i want to access the variable change from the main class, how do i do it? The 'condition' in the if statement is the condition of wether the change variable ia true or false. How do i access it?
why overridden doesn't apply to variables. However, instance variables are stored inside the object.I ran below program and expected to print "two" but it gets printed "one".
class SupCont { String s = "one"; } class Cont extends SupCont { public static void main(String a[]) { String s = "two"; SupCont c = new Cont(); System.out.println(c.s); } }
I have to create an application that deals with maps.
I first have to create the instance variables for the class.
So very simply if my hashmap is going to consist of football clubs and players. Football clubs being a string value for the key and players being a set of strings for the values. How would I go about creating the instance variable in a class for this?
I can't seem to find anything that specifically deals with instance variables and constructors for maps.
I am suppose to create a rectangle and I have created two classes; Rectangle.java and RectangleTester.Java.
So far my code for the class Rentangle.java is:
package edu.sbcc.hw2; public class Rectangle { private int width = 25; private int height = 25; public rectangle(int xcoord, int ycoord, int thewidth, int theheight) { this.width = width; this.height = height; } public int getWidth() { return width;
So for my assignment I need two instance variables for height and width for which I have, but it says in the assignment I need methods (settings and getters /mutators and accessors that allow manipulation of my instance variables which is a little confusing. Do I put these methods on Rectangle.java or RectangleTester.java.
The same goes for the calculateArea, where am I suppose to put this?
If i have a class(lets say class name is Approval) with the following private members: String recip_id, Int accStat, String pDesc, String startDate How can i create public get and setter methods for these private members of the class?
Create a class called Employee that includes three pieces of information as instance variables:
-Employee ID (string type) -first name (string type) (default value 'John') -last name (string type) (default value 'Smith') and -monthly salary (type double). -No argument constructor that initializes the three instance variables. The employee id should be generated using the following process:
The employee id should be a combination of first initial, last initial and a number starting from 10001 for the first employee and increasing by one for each employee. e.g. if John Smith is the first employee then its id will be JS10001 and if George Brown is the second employee then its id will be GB10002
-Provide get and set methods for each instance variable. The set method for monthly salary should ensure that its value remains positive - if an attempt is made to assign a negative value, leave the original value.
As web server has multiple threads to serve client requests in Thread Pool & to ensure Thread Safety we should not use any variables or Objects at Instance/Class level.But in case of Session Variable which one is the Best Practice as the Session object is used by all the requests to have the same Session ID.
My Code :
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet { private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(ClientRegistrationServlet.class); private HttpSession session; /* This is used at Instance Level*/ protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
So in the code below I create an instance of my own triangle class and use one of its methods. The thing is I use one of my triangle classes methods in a method other the main method of my main program so I'm thinking it can't access it?
Any way here's the code for my triangle class
import java.util.Scanner; public class QudratullahMommandi_Triangle_06 { Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in); private double side1; private double side2; private double side3;
[Code] ....
and here's the error message
QudratullahMommandi_S_06.java:46: error: cannot find symbol { triangle1.outPut(); ^ symbol: variable triangle1 location: class QudratullahMommandi_S_06 1 error
public String firstName() Returns the customer's first name public String lastName() Returns the customer's last name public double balance() Returns the customer's account balance
Finally I need to create a driver to test my class. And create several accounts and verify that the first name, last name, and balance methods work properly. This is my code below.. I don't know if I did it right.
public class BankAccount { String firstName, lastName; double balance; public BankAccount(String firstName, String lastName, double balance) {
I have to make two classes. The first one crates an instance of an array of several integers and prints data (average, greatest, lowest, et cetera) based on the second class, which contains the methods. I'm having a problem with the syntax for the first class required to use the methods.
Here's a shortened version of what I have right now just based on processing the number of integers in the array (because if I can get just one method properly connected, I could figure out everything else).
Driver
import java.util.Arrays; public class ArrayMethodsDriver { //Creates the ArrayMethods object public static void main(String[] args) { int[] a = {7,8,8,3,4,9,8,7};
[Code] ....
When I try to compile this, I currently get the "class expected" error on the count part.
I have been working on a program that is meant to use a class' instructions in a program to add a value to a variable, save it, and present it. This is my class
public class Car { //FIELDS private int yearModel; private String make; private int speed; //METHODS public Car(int carYearModel, String carMake)
[Code] .....
Whenever I call the accelerate method, a value of 5 is to be added to the speed variable. But whenever I call accelerate, it doesn't increase! I just don't understand why not. I've tried different renditions of adding 5 to speed and it doesn't quite work. I don't get any errors when I compile, just runtime, when it doesn't add 5 to speed.
Let's pretend I'm working on an RPG. Like in all RPGs, there are items found all throughout the imaginary world. Each player and NPC can obtain an item. My question will concern those items.
In other words, I'd like to use instances of a class in multiple places of the code. Each instance will have its own, individual values of instance variables, with one obvious exception: itemQuantity should have a different value in playerInventory, npcInventory, etc. Also, I'd like a list of all items that can be found in the game. This list doesn't need itemQuantity at all.
class Items { String itemName; float itemWeight; int itemQuantity;
[Code] ....
The question is: should I really make itemQuantity an instance variable of the Item class? It seems as though for each copy of the Item class I should create a separate copy with different value of itemQuantity, but that's not very efficient. Where is the error in my logic?
What's important is that there may be plenty items in a game and a player may be given power to create new items during the course of the game.
