I have a table that allows a user (from another table) to belong to multiple organizations. Part of this table's schema is a column that will be used to allow the user to indicate which organization that they belong to will be the primary one. A user can only have one PRIMARY organization. I was going to handle via an Insert or Update Trigger...checking to see if the userid already a Primary. However, now I am wondering if a Constraint would be the way to go? I admit though, I don't know enough about Constraints to know how this would work.
The table's schema is like:
UserOrg
UserOrgID (an identity column)
UserID (foreign key to the user's table)
Org (the name of the org)
PrimaryOrg (bit column)
I do not know this is the correct way to do this, but somehow thisisnt working. All I want is not to have a null value in field A ifthere is a value in field Bheres the codeCREATE TRIGGER tiu_name ON tblNameFOR INSERT, UPDATEASDECLARE @FieldA AS REAL, @FieldB AS REAL;SELECT @FieldA=FieldA, @FieldB=FieldBFROM Inserted;IF (@FieldB IS NOT NULL) AND (@FieldA IS NULL)RAISERROR('Error Message',1,2);GOPlease Help.
I am not sure if this is the correct forum but i thought i'd ask and see if you can help me!
I have a table with 2 columns:
1st column will house numbers from 1 to 50
2nd column will be date
I want the users to be able to pick a number for certain date and enter it to the table, however I don't want the system to allow the same number for the same date. I was looking at constraints and triggers but can't make out what exactly i should use and how. The Insert will be initiated from ASP page on our intranet. Please help!!!
The majority of my database experience comes from ORACLE and i am trying to use some functionality that i have already used in Oracle into a project i am working on in MSDE.
I want to create a trigger that uses a DML constraint that will prevent a tenants from being inserted into a house if the bedroom count is less or equal to the number of tenants currently in the house.
The oracle code is below
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER Tenant_room_check BEFORE INSERT or update of tenant_ID ON Tenant FOR each row as (new.tenant_ID is not null) DECLARE Tenant_count NUMBER; Bedroom_count NUMBER; BEGIN
select count(Tenant_ID) as Tenant_count from Tenant where tenant_ID = :new.tenant_ID and House_ID = 1 AND Tenant_status = 1;
select count(ROOM_ID) as bedroom_count from Room where Room_Name = 'Bedroom' and House_ID = 1
if (Tenant_count > Bedroom_count) then raise_application_error(-20601, 'you cannot have more tenants than the number of bedrooms in a student house');
END IF; END; /
Ideally I would like to pass the HOUSE_ID and the TENANT_ID from my application using @variablename
I have been looking over forums and in books but i am getting all confused over the syntax to use.
In my Projecti want to check the date at the time of insert in A-Tablethat it should be Greater than (>) Date Defined in B-TableNote:-B-table have only one record so plz tell me how can i do using Sql-Server Backend only
I am using SQL server 2000. I have a parent table 'MimeTypes' with primary key 'mimetype'. This is referenced as foreign key in table 'AssetTypes' as column 'BaseMimeType'. The referential constraint is simple : alter table AssetTypes add constraint FK_ASSETTYPES_REF_BASEMIMETYPE foreign key (BaseMimeType) references MimeTypes (MimeType) on update no action on delete no action;
I have FOR Update trigger on parent table ('MimeTypes') which is as follows:
CREATE TRIGGER trg_MimeTypes_update ON MimeTypes FOR UPDATE AS IF UPDATE(MimeType) BEGIN UPDATE AssetTypes SET BaseMimeType = (select MimeType from inserted) FROM AssetTypes as A JOIN deleted as d on A.BaseMimeType = d.MimeType END;
******** The problem is simple. I want to execute a update query on parent table ('MimeTypes') which modifies 'mimetype' value referenced by child. I dont want to include cascade option in constraint. When such query is executed error comes as : UPDATE statement conflicted with COLUMN REFERENCE constraint 'FK_ASSETTYPES_REF_BASEMIMETYPE'. The conflict occurred in database 'default.db', table 'AssetTypes', column 'BaseMimeType'. ***** Is there any way to do this?
I want to incorporate a Check constraint within a trigger, based on this but im struggling with the coding.Assuming that is an Alphanumeric field you should be checking what value is in the alphanumeric column from inserted, comparing it with whatever is in the AMGR_User_Fields_Tbl to see if there’s a duplicate and then raising the error...This is my Trigger:
ALTER TRIGGER [dbo].[DUPLICATES] ON [dbo].[AMGR_User_Fields_Tbl]
FOR INSERT, UPDATE AS DECLARE @Alphanumericcol VARCHAR (750)
-- This trigger has been created to check that duplicate rows are not inserted into table.
-- Check if row exists SELECT @Alphanumericcol FROM Inserted i, AMGR_User_Fields_Tbl t
Hi, Can anyone tell me the order in which uniqueness constraints on indexes are enforced vs. when triggers are executed ? I have a unique constraint on an index and a trigger on the column on which the same index has been created. When a row is inserted, the trigger checks if the value for that column already exists in the table - if not, it inserts the row as is, else it gets the max() val of the column (based on another key column) and increments it by one, then does the insert. Creating an index across the two works fine, but if I set the Unique Values property for the index, subsequent inserts bomb out - yet there aren't any duplicates in the final table, as the trigger ensures this. Anyone got any ideas on this? My deduction is that the uniqueness constraint gets enforced before the trigger gets executed, but at the same time this *seems* illogical, as the row has not been inserted into the table at the point where the trigger is executed.
how to i write a trigger to enforce this constraint..A rental can be made only if the customer is registered with the company and the car is not currently rented out. If not, the rental will not be successful.
CREATE TABLE child_tab ( col_x INTEGER NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT fk FOREIGN KEY (col_x) REFERENCES parent_tab(col_a) ON DELETE CASCADE );
The conversion would remove the foreign key definition and add this trigger:
CREATE TRIGGER tr_single ON parent_tab INSTEAD OF DELETE AS BEGIN DELETE FROM child_tab WHERE (child_tab.col_x IN (SELECT col_a FROM deleted)) DELETE FROM parent_tab WHERE (parent_tab.col_a IN (SELECT col_a FROM deleted)) END;
Unfortunately, now I need to resolve a situation where there is involved a multi-column foreign key.
CREATE TABLE parent_tab ( col_a INTEGER NOT NULL, col_b INTEGER NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT pk PRIMARY KEY(col_a, col_b) );
CREATE TABLE child_tab ( col_x INTEGER NOT NULL, col_y INTEGER NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT fk FOREIGN KEY (col_x, col_y) REFERENCES parent_tab(col_a, col_b) ON DELETE CASCADE );
This does not work, because the temporary table "deleted" might contain more than one row. How do I make sure that the values belong to the same row?
-- incorrect trigger, might delete too many rows CREATE TRIGGER tr_single ON parent_tab INSTEAD OF DELETE AS BEGIN DELETE FROM child_tab WHERE (child_tab.col_x IN (SELECT col_a FROM deleted) AND child_tab.col_y IN (SELECT col_b FROM deleted)) DELETE FROM parent_tab WHERE (parent_tab.col_a IN (SELECT col_a FROM deleted) AND parent_tab.col_b IN (SELECT col_b FROM deleted)) END;
-- some magic needed :-) CREATE TRIGGER tr_single ON parent_tab INSTEAD OF DELETE AS BEGIN DELETE FROM child_tab WHERE (child_tab.col_x IN (SELECT col_a FROM deleted AS t1) AND child_tab.col_y IN (SELECT col_b FROM deleted AS t2) AND row_id(t1) = row_id(t2)) DELETE FROM parent_tab WHERE (parent_tab.col_a IN (SELECT col_a FROM deleted AS t1) AND parent_tab.col_b IN (SELECT col_b FROM deleted AS t2) AND row_id(t1) = row_id(t2)) END;
I know the trigger definition above is ***... but I hope that it helps to make clear what I need.
First of all, I've been a reader of swynk.com for quite sometime now, and I'd like to say 'thank you' to everyone who contributes.
Today, I'm the town moron.. haha I'm having issues with column level constraints. I have a varchar(50) where I want to keep *,=,#,/, .. etc, OUT OF the value input. I don't want to strip them. I simply want for sql to throw an error if the insert contains those (and other characters). The only characters that I want in the column are A-Z and 0-9. However, it's not a set number of characters per insert. It always varies... There has to be an easier way to do this than creating a constraint for every possibilty... Any help would be greatly appreciated.
I am trying to create table with following SQL script:
Code Snippet
create table Projects( ID smallint identity (0, 1) constraint PK_Projects primary key, Name nvarchar (255) constraint NN_Prj_Name not null, Creator nvarchar (255), CreateDate datetime );
When I execute this script I get following error message:
Error source: SQL Server Compact ADO.NET Data Provider Error message: Named Constraint is not supported for this type of constraint. [ Constraint Name = NN_Prj_Name ]
I looked in the SQL Server Books Online and saw following:
CREATE TABLE (SQL Server Compact) ... < column_constraint > ::= [ CONSTRAINT constraint_name ] { [ NULL | NOT NULL ] | [ PRIMARY KEY | UNIQUE ] | REFERENCES ref_table [ ( ref_column ) ] [ ON DELETE { CASCADE | NO ACTION } ] [ ON UPDATE { CASCADE | NO ACTION } ]
As I understand according to documentation named constraints should be supported, however error message says opposite. I can rephrase SQL script by removing named constraint.
Code Snippet
create table Projects( ID smallint identity (0, 1) constraint PK_Projects primary key, Name nvarchar (255) not null, Creator nvarchar (255), CreateDate datetime ); This script executes correctly, however I want named constraints and this does not satisfy me.
We are using SQL CE 3.5 on tablet PCs, that synchs with our host SQL 2005 Server using Microsoft Synchronization Services. On the tablets, when inserting a record, we get the following error: A duplicate value cannot be inserted into a unique index. [ Table name = refRegTitle,Constraint name = PK_refRegTitle But the only PK on this table is RegTitleID.
The table structure is: [RegTitleID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [RegTitleNumber] [int] NOT NULL, [RegTitleDescription] [varchar](200) NOT NULL, [FacilityTypeID] [int] NOT NULL, [Active] [bit] NOT NULL,
The problem occurs when a Title Number is inserted and a record with that number already exists. There is no unique constraint on Title Number. Has anyone else experienced this?
I'm new to this whole SQL Server 2005 thing as well as database design and I've read up on various ways I can integrate business constraints into my database. I'm not sure which way applies to me, but I could use a helping hand in the right direction.
A quick explanation of the various tables I'm dealing with: WBS - the Work Breakdown Structure, for example: A - Widget 1, AA - Widget 1 Subsystem 1, and etc. Impacts - the Risk or Opportunity impacts for the weights of a part/assembly. (See Assemblies have Impacts below) Allocations - the review of the product in question, say Widget 1, in terms of various weight totals, including all parts. Example - September allocation, Initial Demo allocation, etc. Mostly used for weight history and trending Parts - There are hundreds of Parts which will eventually lead to thousands. Each part has a WBS element. [Seems redundant, but parts are managed in-house, and WBS elements are cross-company and issued by the Government] Parts have Allocations - For weight history and trending (see Allocations). Example, Nut 17 can have a September 1st allocation, a September 5th allocation, etc. Assemblies - Parts are assemblies by themselves and can belong to multiple assemblies. Now, there can be multiple parts on a product, say, an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV), and so those parts can belong to a higher "assembly" [For example, there can be 3 Nut 17's (lower assembly) on Widget 1 Subsystem 2 (higher assembly) and 4 more on Widget 1 Subsystem 5, etc.]. What I'm concerned about is ensuring that the weight roll-ups are accurate for all of the assemblies. Assemblies have Impacts - There is a risk and opportunity impact setup modeled into this design to allow for a risk or opportunity to be marked on a per-assembly level. That's all this table represents.
A part is allocated a weight and then assigned to an assembly. The Assemblies table holds this hierarchical information - the lower assembly and the higher one, both of which are Parts entries in the [Parts have Allocations] table.
Therefore, to ensure proper weight roll ups in the [Parts have Allocations] table on a per part-basis, I would like to check for any inserts, updates, deletes on both the [Parts have Allocations] table as well as the [Assemblies] table and then re-calculate the weight roll up for every assembly. Now, I'm not sure if this is a huge performance hog, but I do need to keep all the information as up-to-date and as accurate as possible. As such, I'm not sure which method is even correct, although it seems an AFTER DML trigger is in order (from what I've gathered thus far). Keep in mind, this trigger needs to go through and check every WBS or Part and then go through and check all of it's associated assemblies and then ensure the weights are correct by re-summing the weights listed.
If you need the design or create script (table layout), please let me know.
Are there any limitations or gotchas to updating the same table whichfired a trigger from within the trigger?Some example code below. Hmmm.... This example seems to be workingfine so it must be something with my specific schema/code. We'reworking on running a SQL trace but if anybody has any input, fireaway.Thanks!create table x(Id int,Account varchar(25),Info int)GOinsert into x values ( 1, 'Smith', 15);insert into x values ( 2, 'SmithX', 25);/* Update trigger tu_x for table x */create trigger tu_xon xfor updateasbegindeclare @TriggerRowCount intset @TriggerRowCount = @@ROWCOUNTif ( @TriggerRowCount = 0 )returnif ( @TriggerRowCount > 1 )beginraiserror( 'tu_x: @@ROWCOUNT[%d] Trigger does not handle @@ROWCOUNT[color=blue]> 1 !', 17, 127, @TriggerRowCount) with seterror, nowait[/color]returnendupdate xsetAccount = left( i.Account, 24) + 'X',Info = i.Infofrom deleted, inserted iwhere x.Account = left( deleted.Account, 24) + 'X'endupdate x set Account = 'Blair', Info = 999 where Account = 'Smith'
This Audit Trigger is Generic (i.e. non-"Table Specific") attach it to any tabel and it should work. Be sure and create the 'Audit' table first though.
The following code write audit entries to a Table called 'Audit' with columns 'ActionType' //varchar 'TableName' //varchar 'PK' //varchar 'FieldName' //varchar 'OldValue' //varchar 'NewValue' //varchar 'ChangeDateTime' //datetime 'ChangeBy' //varchar
using System; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server;
public partial class Triggers { //A Generic Trigger for Insert, Update and Delete Actions on any Table [Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.SqlTrigger(Name = "AuditTrigger", Event = "FOR INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE")]
public static void AuditTrigger() { SqlTriggerContext tcontext = SqlContext.TriggerContext; //Trigger Context string TName; //Where we store the Altered Table's Name string User; //Where we will store the Database Username DataRow iRow; //DataRow to hold the inserted values DataRow dRow; //DataRow to how the deleted/overwritten values DataRow aRow; //Audit DataRow to build our Audit entry with string PKString; //Will temporarily store the Primary Key Column Names and Values here using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("context connection=true"))//Our Connection { conn.Open();//Open the Connection //Build the AuditAdapter and Mathcing Table SqlDataAdapter AuditAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Audit WHERE 1=0", conn); DataTable AuditTable = new DataTable(); AuditAdapter.FillSchema(AuditTable, SchemaType.Source); SqlCommandBuilder AuditCommandBuilder = new SqlCommandBuilder(AuditAdapter);//Populates the Insert command for us //Get the inserted values SqlDataAdapter Loader = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * from INSERTED", conn); DataTable inserted = new DataTable(); Loader.Fill(inserted); //Get the deleted and/or overwritten values Loader.SelectCommand.CommandText = "SELECT * from DELETED"; DataTable deleted = new DataTable(); Loader.Fill(deleted); //Retrieve the Name of the Table that currently has a lock from the executing command(i.e. the one that caused this trigger to fire) SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("SELECT object_name(resource_associated_entity_id) FROM ys.dm_tran_locks WHERE request_session_id = @@spid and resource_type = 'OBJECT'", conn); TName = cmd.ExecuteScalar().ToString(); //Retrieve the UserName of the current Database User SqlCommand curUserCommand = new SqlCommand("SELECT system_user", conn); User = curUserCommand.ExecuteScalar().ToString(); //Adapted the following command from a T-SQL audit trigger by Nigel Rivett //http://www.nigelrivett.net/AuditTrailTrigger.html SqlDataAdapter PKTableAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(@"SELECT c.COLUMN_NAME from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS pk , INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE c where pk.TABLE_NAME = '" + TName + @"' and CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY' and c.TABLE_NAME = pk.TABLE_NAME and c.CONSTRAINT_NAME = pk.CONSTRAINT_NAME", conn); DataTable PKTable = new DataTable(); PKTableAdapter.Fill(PKTable);
switch (tcontext.TriggerAction)//Switch on the Action occuring on the Table { case TriggerAction.Update: iRow = inserted.Rows[0];//Get the inserted values in row form dRow = deleted.Rows[0];//Get the overwritten values in row form PKString = PKStringBuilder(PKTable, iRow);//the the Primary Keys and There values as a string foreach (DataColumn column in inserted.Columns)//Walk through all possible Table Columns { if (!iRow[column.Ordinal].Equals(dRow[column.Ordinal]))//If value changed { //Build an Audit Entry aRow = AuditTable.NewRow(); aRow["ActionType"] = "U";//U for Update aRow["TableName"] = TName; aRow["PK"] = PKString; aRow["FieldName"] = column.ColumnName; aRow["OldValue"] = dRow[column.Ordinal].ToString(); aRow["NewValue"] = iRow[column.Ordinal].ToString(); aRow["ChangeDateTime"] = DateTime.Now.ToString(); aRow["ChangedBy"] = User; AuditTable.Rows.InsertAt(aRow, 0);//Insert the entry } } break; case TriggerAction.Insert: iRow = inserted.Rows[0]; PKString = PKStringBuilder(PKTable, iRow); foreach (DataColumn column in inserted.Columns) { //Build an Audit Entry aRow = AuditTable.NewRow(); aRow["ActionType"] = "I";//I for Insert aRow["TableName"] = TName; aRow["PK"] = PKString; aRow["FieldName"] = column.ColumnName; aRow["OldValue"] = null; aRow["NewValue"] = iRow[column.Ordinal].ToString(); aRow["ChangeDateTime"] = DateTime.Now.ToString(); aRow["ChangedBy"] = User; AuditTable.Rows.InsertAt(aRow, 0);//Insert the Entry } break; case TriggerAction.Delete: dRow = deleted.Rows[0]; PKString = PKStringBuilder(PKTable, dRow); foreach (DataColumn column in inserted.Columns) { //Build and Audit Entry aRow = AuditTable.NewRow(); aRow["ActionType"] = "D";//D for Delete aRow["TableName"] = TName; aRow["PK"] = PKString; aRow["FieldName"] = column.ColumnName; aRow["OldValue"] = dRow[column.Ordinal].ToString(); aRow["NewValue"] = null; aRow["ChangeDateTime"] = DateTime.Now.ToString(); aRow["ChangedBy"] = User; AuditTable.Rows.InsertAt(aRow, 0);//Insert the Entry } break; default: //Do Nothing break; } AuditAdapter.Update(AuditTable);//Write all Audit Entries back to AuditTable conn.Close(); //Close the Connection } }
//Helper function that takes a Table of the Primary Key Column Names and the modified rows Values //and builds a string of the form "<PKColumn1Name=Value1>,PKColumn2Name=Value2>,......" public static string PKStringBuilder(DataTable primaryKeysTable, DataRow valuesDataRow) { string temp = String.Empty; foreach (DataRow kColumn in primaryKeysTable.Rows)//for all Primary Keys of the Table that is being changed { temp = String.Concat(temp, String.Concat("<", kColumn[0].ToString(), "=", valuesDataRow[kColumn[0].ToString)].ToString(), ">,")); } return temp; } }
The trick was getting the Table Name and the Primary Key Columns. I hope this code is found useful.
I want to be able to create a trigger that updates table 2 when a row is inserted into table 1. However I€™m not sure how to increment the ID in table 2 or to update only the row that has been inserted.
I want to be able to create a trigger so that when a row is inserted into table A by a specific user then the ID will appear in table B. Is it possible to find out the login id of the user inserting a row?
I believe the trigger should look something like this:
create trigger test_trigger on a for insert as insert into b(ID)
When a row gets modified and it invokes a trigger, we would like to beable to update the row that was modified inside the trigger. This is(basically) how we are doing it now:CREATE TRIGGER trTBL ON TBLFOR UPDATE, INSERT, DELETEasupdate TBLset fld = 'value'from inserted, TBLwhere inserted.id= TBL.id....This work fine but it seems like it could be optimized. Clearly we arehaving to scan the entire table again to update the row. But shouldn'tthe trigger already know which row invoked it. Do we have to scan thetable again for this row or is their some syntax that allows us toupdate the row that invoked the trigger. If not, why. It seems likethis would be a fairly common task. Thanks.
Salve, non riesco a disabilitare un trigger su sqlserver nè da queryanalyzer, nè da enterprise manager.In pratica tal cosa riuscivo a farla in Oracle con TOAD, mentre qui nonriesco.Mi interessa disattivarlo senza cancellarlo per poi riattivarlo al bisognosenza rilanciare lo script di creazione.Grazie a tuttiHi I need to disable a DB trigger and I'm not able to do this neither withquery analyzer, neither with enterprise manager.I remeber this job was quite simple using TOAd in Oracle.I'm interested in making it disabled not delete it, without run creationscript.Thanks a lot to everybody.
Hi, I am not sure if this is the right forum to post this question. I run an update statement like "Update mytable set status='S' " on the SQL 2005 management Studio. When I run "select * from mytable" for a few seconds all status = "S". After a few seconds all status turn to "H". This is a behaviour when you have an update trigger for the table. But I don't see any triggers under this table. What else would cause the database automatically change my update? Could there be any other place I should look for an update trigger on this table? Thanks,
Hi all in .net I've created an application that allows creation of triggers, i also want to allow the deletion of triggers. The trigger name is kept in a table, and apon deleting the record i want to use the field name to delete the trigger
I have the following Trigger
the error is at
DROP TRIGGER @DeleteTrigger
I'm guessing it dosen't like the trigger name being a variable instead of a static name how do i get around this?
I have a trigger set on TABLE1 so that any update to this column should set off trigger to write to the AUDIT log table, it works fine otherwise but not the very first time when table1 has null in the column. if i comment out
and i.req_fname <> d.req_fname from the where clause then it works fine the first time too. Seems like null value of the column is messing things up
Any thoughts?
Here is my t-sql
Insert into dbo.AUDIT (audit_req, audit_new_value, audit_field, audit_user)
select i.req_guid, i.req_fname, 'req_fname', IsNull(i.req_last_update_user,@default_user) as username from inserted i, deleted d
Hi, I am trying to figure out how to do this. For each row, only one out of two columns(id1,id2) should be populated. So if the id1 column is already populated and the application tries to fill in something for id2 then we just simply don't want to allow that and vice versa.
I am thinking triggers is the way to go. What do you think? thanks Rozina
using alter table syntax how can i insert the field TramingChoiceCd Extend the constraint on NetwkChannel table UQ__TetwkChannel__50FB042B to include TramingChoiceCd
Which is the preferred method Rule, Check Constraint or Trigger? I want to set a column to todays date when the column is = "T" else when "F" set it to a future date. Each time there is a insertion into the table.
I have a varchar field in a table.I want to restrict the entries in that field as "yes" or "no" nothing else.No record will be allowed for this field without yes or no.My question is is it possible without using any trigger for the table?I want to do it with the help of a constraint.
When I see desing table option in enterprise manager of a table I don't see any constraints, but when I extract ddl I can see all 6 of them. They are all unique constraints not the check constraints. Is this normal. I am new to SQL Server and would appreciate some explanation.
