Full Outer Join On A Union?

Nov 28, 2007

Can i do a Full outer join on a union? and if so how?

I have this stored procedure. but then i was notified that they want to show all the sales reps, even if they dont have visits, and all the activities, even if neither has values. Right now this is what it shows:

Sales Rep. Visits Vacation Sick

Bob Smith 2 5 0

Julie Troy 1 0 1

Stefani Gray 1 0 0


--------------
I want it to look like this

Sales Rep. Visits Vacation Sick Drive-with Seminar Office-day Meeting
Bob Smith 2 5 0 0 0 0 0
Tod Taylor 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Matt Mathews 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Julie troy 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
Stefani Gray 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

heres my code:



Code Block
ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[PROC_DAILY_ACTIVITY]
(@Region_Key int=null)
AS
BEGIN

SELECT
NULL as Progress_time,
NULL As completed_time,
NULL as Dial_in_date,
NULL AS Customer_Code,
Non_Customer_Activities.question_code,
Non_Customer_Activities.description,
Sales_Group.Region,
Sales_Group.Name AS Territory_Name,
Non_Customer_Activities.Que_Desc AS Store_Name,
Non_Customer_Activities.Logged_Time AS TheDate,
CONVERT(FLOAT,Non_Customer_Activities.Logged_Time) Float_Date,
Non_Customer_Activities.response AS Response,
NULL AS is_Visit_Fg
FROM Qry_Sales_Group AS Sales_Group INNER JOIN
(SELECT QH.question_code, Question_Header.description, CONVERT(datetime, DATEADD(day, QH.cycle_day - 1, P.start_date), 6) AS Logged_Time,
SUBSTRING(QH.entity_code, 1, 5) AS SR_Code, QH.response, Territory_In_Sales_Responsible.Territory_Code AS SR_Territory_Code,
'Not Customer Related' AS Que_Desc
FROM question_history AS QH INNER JOIN
period AS P ON P.period_code = QH.period_code INNER JOIN
RC_DWDB_INSTANCE_1.dbo.Tbl_Territory_In_Sales_Responsible AS Territory_In_Sales_Responsible ON
Territory_In_Sales_Responsible.SalesPerson_Purchaser_Code = SUBSTRING(QH.entity_code, 1, 5) COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AS INNER
JOIN
questions AS Question_Header ON Question_Header.question_code = QH.question_code
WHERE (QH.entity_code LIKE '%.USER%') AND (Question_Header.question_code IN ('AME01', 'ASE01', 'ACO01', 'ALU01', 'AOS01', 'APH01',
'ATR01', 'ATE01', 'ACR06', 'ACR05', 'ACR02', 'ACR03', 'ACR08', 'ACR07')) AND (CONVERT(datetime, DATEADD(day, QH.cycle_day - 1,
P.start_date), 6) = case
when Datepart(Weekday, Getdate()) = 2 then datediff(dd,0,GetDate()) - 3
else datediff(dd,0,GetDate()) - 1
end )) AS Non_Customer_Activities
ON Sales_Group.Code = Non_Customer_Activities.SR_Territory_Code
WHERE Region_Key=@Region_Key
UNION ALL
SELECT
in_progress_time,
completed_time ,
dial_in_date,
Customer_Activities.Customer_Code,
NULL AS Expr1,
NULL AS Expr2,
Sales_Group.Region,
Sales_Group.Name AS Territory_Name,
Customer_Activities.Customer_Name AS Store_Name,
Customer_Activities.Logged_Time AS TheDate,
CONVERT(FLOAT,Customer_Activities.Logged_Time) Float_Date,
NULL AS Response,
Customer_Activities.Is_Visit_Fg
FROM Qry_Sales_Group AS Sales_Group INNER JOIN
(SELECT DISTINCT in_progress_time,completed_time,dial_in_date,
V.visit_date AS Logged_Time, Customer_Code, customer_name AS Customer_Name,
Territory_In_Sales_Responsible.Territory_Code AS Cust_Territory_Code, 1 AS Is_Visit_Fg
FROM Qry_visits AS V
INNER JOIN RC_DWDB_INSTANCE_1.dbo.Tbl_Territory_In_Sales_Responsible AS Territory_In_Sales_Responsible ON
Territory_In_Sales_Responsible.SalesPerson_Purchaser_Code = V.sales_person_code COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AS
INNER JOIN FSSRC.dbo.Communication_statistics as Communication
ON Communication.sales_person_code=Territory_In_Sales_Responsible.SalesPerson_Purchaser_Code COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AS
WHERE (CONVERT(datetime, CONVERT(Varchar, V.visit_date, 110)) = case
when Datepart(Weekday, Getdate()) = 2 then datediff(dd,0,GetDate()) - 3
else datediff(dd,0,GetDate()) - 1
end )

) AS Customer_Activities ON
Sales_Group.Code = Customer_Activities.Cust_Territory_Code
WHERE Region_Key=@Region_Key
end

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Merge Join (Full Outer Join) Never Finishes.

Jun 5, 2006

I have a merge join (full outer join) task in a data flow. The left input comes from a flat file source and then a script transformation which does some custom grouping. The right input comes from an oledb source. The script transformation output is asynchronous (SynchronousInputID=0). The left input has many more rows (200,000+) than the right input (2,500). I run it from VS 2005 by right-click/execute on the data flow task. The merge join remains yellow and the task never finishes. I do see a row count above the flat file destination that reaches a certain number and seems to get stuck there. When I test with a smaller file on the left it works OK. Any suggestions?

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May 23, 2006

This FULL OUTER JOIN seems inconsistent between two SELECT statements—it works right for one, but not for another, which is virtually identical (see below). I am looking for missing records, and the problem is that the NULL half of the joined record is showing up for one case, but NOT showing up for the other, as it should.
 
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Nov 5, 2007

Hello!!

i have two tables

scanner_input:
id | quantity | status
-----------------------------------
prod1 | 6 | OK
prod2 | 7 | OK
prod3 | 3 | P
prod4 | 3 | OK
prod5 | 3 | OK
prod7 | 3 | OK


and

sap_input:
id | quantity | status
-----------------------------------
prod1 | 6 | OK
prod2 | 7 | OK
prod3 | 3 | P
prod4 | 2 | OK
prod6 | 3 | OK
prod8 | 3 | OK

i need a query to join both tables and compare the quantities of an item in table SCANNER_INPUT with its
corresponding item in SAP_INPUT, so the result would be something like this:

sap_input
id(scanner)| qty(scan)| id(sap) | qty(sap) | difference
------------------------------------------------------------
prod1 | 6 | prod1 | 6 | 0
prod2 | 7 | prod2 | 7 | 0
prod3 | 3 | prod3 | 3 | 0
prod4 | 3 | prod4 | 2 | 1
prod5 | 3 | prod5 | | 3
prod6 | | prod6 | 3 | -3
prod7 | 3 | prod7 | | 3
prod8 | | prod8 | 3 | -3


I found i can use a full outer join... but i dont know how to use it.

any ideas??

thnx

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Mar 6, 2008



Hey all,

Anyone have a work around for using a TSQL FULL OUTER JOIN in CE? Something like a Right and a Left Outer Join for the below?

Thanks,
billb

Here's an example:


' Connection To SQL CE

Dim ConsqlShipTo As New SqlCeConnection

ConsqlShipTo.ConnectionString = "Data Source = " & Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.ProgramFiles) & "CRM.sdf"

'

'TSQL STATEMENT......

Dim reqSQL As New SqlCeCommand

reqSQL.CommandText = "SELECT " & _

" COALESCE(ShipTo.ShipToCust, Prospect.ProspectCust) AS [Customer ID], " & _

" COALESCE(ShipTo.ShipToName, Prospect.ProspectName) AS Name, " & _

" COALESCE(ShipTo.ShipToCity, Prospect.ProspectCity) AS City " & _

" FROM ShipTo FULL OUTER JOIN " & _

" Prospect ON ShipTo.ShipToName LIKE Prospect.ProspectName AND Prospect.ProspectCust LIKE ShipTo.ShipToCust " & _

" WHERE " & _

" (Prospect.Alias = '" & reqGetUserName & "' AND Prospect.ProspectName LIKE '%" & reqSearch & "%') " & _

" OR (ShipTo.Alias > '%%' OR ShipTo.Alias IS NULL) " & _

" AND (ShipTo.ShipToName LIKE '%" & reqSearch & "%') " & _

" GROUP BY " & _

" ShipTo.ShipToCust, Prospect.ProspectCust, ShipTo.ShipToName, Prospect.ProspectName, " & _

" ShipTo.ShipToCity, Prospect.ProspectCity " & _

" ORDER BY Name "

reqSQL.CommandType = CommandType.Text

reqSQL.Connection = ConsqlShipTo

ConsqlShipTo.Open()

'

'CREATE NEW SQL DATA ADAPTER

Dim sqlda As New SqlCeDataAdapter(reqSQL)

'

' FILL DATASET

Dim sqlds As New DataSet

sqlda.Fill(sqlds, "Customer ID")

'

' FILL DATATABLE - lightweight

Dim sqldt As New DataTable

sqlda.Fill(sqldt)

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Nov 19, 2006

I've met a curiouse thing when using full outer join, that I got some rows belong to neither tables @_@

The SQL statement is like this:

SELECT     PreviousMonth.InvoiceID, PreviousMonth.CategoryName, PreviousMonth.ProdName, PreviousMonth.Qty, ISNULL(CurrentMonth.SellTotal, 0)
                      AS SellTotal, ISNULL(PreviousMonth.SellTotal, 0) AS PriorSellTotal


FROM         (SELECT     SellTotal, InvoiceID, CategoryName, ProdName, Qty
                       FROM          viewProdSales AS viewProdSales_1
                       WHERE      (DateCreated >= @pStartDate) AND (DateCreated <= @pEndDate))  AS CurrentMonth

FULL OUTER JOIN
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                        FROM          viewProdSales
                        WHERE      (DateCreated >= @pPriorStartDate) AND (DateCreated < @pStartDate))  AS PreviousMonth

ON
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The result include some added rows, if I query the 2 sub table seperately, neither contains such rows. 

For example, if I pass 01/09/2006, 01/10/2006 and 31/10/2006 as pPriorStartDate, pStartDate and pEndDate, to query the sales statistics in Sept and Oct, I would get some reords in June or even earlier...   Anyone know about this?  Thanks in advance.

 

Summer

 

 

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Aug 3, 2006

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....starts with other code to determine columns and primary key fields for selected table....

--get number of columns
select
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@MaxRowId = max(RowId)
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-- Loop through fields and build Sql string
while @RowId <= @MaxRowId
BEGIN
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SELECT @sql = 'insert tblAuditAdmin (TableAltered, [Action], FieldName, OldValue, NewValue, UpdateDate, UpdateNumber, UserName)'
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SELECT @sql = @sql + ',''' + @TriggerType + ''''
SELECT @sql = @sql + ',''' + @fieldname + ''''
SELECT @sql = @sql + ',convert(varchar(1000),d.' + @fieldname + ')'
SELECT @sql = @sql + ',convert(varchar(1000),i.' + @fieldname + ')'
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SELECT @sql = @sql + ',''' + @UserName + ''''
SELECT @sql = @sql + ' FROM #ins i FULL OUTER JOIN #del d'
SELECT @sql = @sql + @pkJoinClause
SELECT @sql = @sql + ' WHERE (''' + @TriggerType + ''' = ''I'')'
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SELECT @sql = @sql + ' OR (''' + @TriggerType + ''' = ''U'' AND '
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Mar 28, 2008

I have a series of tasks that end up with two record sets that are unrelated which I would like to join. The first record set contains a list of expense accounts and the second record set contains a list of offices. I would like to create a join between the two sets where the resulting record set is a list of every office having every expense account.

If the data were in tables i'd create a sql statement something like this

Select t1.Account, t2.Office
from Table1 t1
Full Outer Join Table2 t2
on 1 = 1

That would give me the results I'm looking for however I can't find how to do this when these data sets are from the results of two different flows of data flow tasks.

Any ideas?
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Apr 26, 2002

Take the following scenario:

We have two tables that have somewhat of a parent-child relationship. We are trying to use a SQL-92 outer join that returns the same results as a TSQL *= outer join. The difficulty we are having is that some of the parent records do not have any corresponding child records, but we still want to see those parent records with 0 (zero) for the count. How can we accomplish this with a SQL-92 compliant join (if it is even possible)? In the query results below, we would like the first set of results.

Thanks in advance for any help.
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Test script below, followed by results
===========================================
create table parent (p_id int NOT NULL)
go
create table child (p_id int NOT NULL, c_type varchar(6) NULL)
go
insert parent values (1)
insert parent values (2)
insert parent values (3)
insert parent values (4)
insert parent values (5)
insert parent values (6)
insert parent values (7)
insert parent values (8)
insert parent values (9)
insert parent values (10)
go

insert child values (1, 'AAA')
insert child values (1, 'BBB')
insert child values (1, 'CCC')
insert child values (2, 'AAA')
insert child values (4, 'AAA')
insert child values (4, 'DEF')
insert child values (4, 'AAA')
insert child values (4, 'BBB')
insert child values (5, 'AAA')
insert child values (5, 'AAA')
insert child values (6, 'AAA')
insert child values (7, 'AAA')
insert child values (7, 'BBB')
insert child values (7, 'CCC')
insert child values (7, 'DDD')
insert child values (10, 'AAA')
insert child values (10, 'CCC')
go

select p.p_id, count(c.p_id) as num_rows
from parent p, child c
where p.p_id *= c.p_id
and c.c_type in ('AAA', 'BBB')
group by p.p_id

select p.p_id, count(c.p_id) as num_rows
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group by p.p_id

=========================================
Results:
(T-SQL *= outer join)
p_id num_rows
----------- -----------
1 2
2 1
3 0
4 3
5 2
6 1
7 2
8 0
9 0
10 1

(SQL-92 outer join)
Warning: Null value eliminated from aggregate.
p_id num_rows
----------- -----------
1 2
2 1
4 3
5 2
6 1
7 2
10 1

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Nov 4, 2003

Hello

I've a table with these values:

Cod_Lingua - Des_Lingua
------------------------------
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GER German
ENG English
FRA French

and another table with product/description

ProductID - Cod_Lingua - Description
-------------------------------------------
1 ITA Mia Descrizione
1 ENG My Description

I've this SELECT:

SELECT Tab_Lingue.Cod_Lingua, Descrizioni_Lingua.Description
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I get these results:
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ENG - My Description

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ENG - My Description
GER - (null)
FRA - (null)

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FROM
        Production.Suppliers AS S LEFT OUTER JOIN
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[code]....

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i.e..

SELECT
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FROM
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...
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OLEDB source 2
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...
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result of source1 (..dcd column)
...
4-400-8000119
4-400-8000120
4-400-8000121
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4-400-8000123
4-400-8000124
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4-400-1000118
4-400-1000119
4-400-1000120
4-400-1000121
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4-400-1000124
4-400-1000125
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Given a table of building components e.g. floors, walls, etc, etc:

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function_code char(4),
component_multiplier dec(7,6)
)

Where function_code is the function of the area e.g. Auditorium, Classrom, etc, etc. And not all components are available for all functions e.g. Carpeting is available for Classrooms but not Power Plants or Warehouses.

I need to self join the above table to itself on system_code and system_component_code and find out which rows are missing from each side.

A query that I've been banging away at with no success is:

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DECLARE crsr CURSOR

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My query is more complex, but when I change "LEFT OUTER JOIN" to "LEFT JOIN" I get a different execution plan, which is absolutely baffling me! Especially considering everything I know and was able to research essentially said the "OUTER" is implied in "LEFT JOIN".

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Has anyone tried using a TSQL full outer join and managed to get it working? Any documentation for Full Outer Joins in CE?

 

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Oi! What follows is a hypothetical situation, but it is a totally analogous to a real problem Im having, but provides an easier model to understand.

Imagine that you have database-driven battleship game and its time to render the board. Also imagine that you have to render more than one board and that the ships are all the size of one point on the grid.

One sql result you need is a list of all the points on the grid, regardless of whether or not there is a ship on it. This will make rendering much easier for you, because you can simply look at the record index to determine if a ship is present. The data that is stored about the position of the ships consists of one record containing the grid index and ship name.

One possible way to retrieve this data is to build a table that you will not change which contains a record for each point on the grid. Is it possible to union or join on this table to retrieve a list of results that contain both unoccupied locations and occupied ones?

Here is what I've come up with, but it contains results that have a null location when there are no ship records:


SELECT
Grids.GridID,
Ships.GridLocation,
Ships.Name
FROM
Grids
FULL OUTER JOIN Ships
ON Ships.GridID = Grids.GridID
WHERE
Grids.PlayerID = 1

UNION-- (**not** UNION ALL)

SELECT
Grids.GridID,
GridLocations.GridLocation,
(SELECT ShipName FROM Ships WHERE GridID = Grids.GridID AND GridLocation = GridLocations.GridLocation)
FROM
GridLocations, Grids
WHERE
Grids.PlayerID = 1

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Need Help With Outer Join..

Jul 14, 2004

Hello there,

I have 2 tables:

Table: Leads
------------------
ID LDate ClientID
1 04/02/2004 101
2 04/03/2004 103
3 04/04/2004 104
....

Table: Tracking
------------------
ID TDate ClientID Shown Clicked
1 04/02/2004 101 3 2
2 04/03/2004 103 5 4
3 04/04/2004 101 3 9
....

I need a query to display results for any Client ID like this:

Date Leads Shown Clicked
=============================
04/02/2004 1 3 2
04/04/2004 0 3 9
.....
=============================

The following query doesn't work, it display 1 in leads column instead of 0:

select t.Tdate, count(l.id) as Leads, sum(t.shown) as Views
from tracking t left outer join Leads l on r.clientid = t.clientid
where l.clientid = 101
and l.Ldate >= 'April 2,2004'
and t.Tdate >= 'April 2,2004'
group by t.Tdate


Thanks a lot for your time and help in advance.

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Outer Join:

Aug 10, 2006

Here's the lookup table, tblLookup:

Task
SubTask
Subset
Superset
Description

And here's the more voluminous table, tblRecords, to which I need to join that:

Task
SubTask
Acct_cat
Actual_Amount
Budgeted_Amount

The problem is that the Task data in tblLookup consists only of the first 5 chars of the same kind of data in tblRecords (e.g., if a field on that record in tblRecords says "BILLYGOAT", that field in tblLookup is entered only as "BILLY").

How do I match them up?

Thanks.

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Outer Join

Aug 31, 2006

Hello,

I am having problems with an outer join statement.
I have written a procedure that tests a table for missing and corrupt data and
to test my procedure, I take a table with 100% correct entries and corrupt them by hand. Then I test if my repaird data is looking like the correct data did.
To do the test, I copy the correct data into a temp table "copy", join it with the "repaired" table and check if any fields look different. The problem is, that i don't get the missing data. The statement is looking like this:

select o.*,'#',k.* from repaired o right outer join copy k on
(str(o.a) + 'A' + str(o.b) + 'A' + str(o.c) =str(k.a)+ 'A' + str(k.b) + 'A' + str(k.c) )
where
o.D<>k.D or
o.E<>k.E or
o.F<>k.F or
...

I have dont the concatenation because I thougt, that a join with 3 fields could be responsible for not finding the missing data in table "copy".
Before that it looked like:

... on (o.a=k.a and o.b=o.b and o.c = k.c) where ...

In table "copy" is a record missing that is in table "repaired".
Why is my statement not printingout that missing record?
Shouldn't be an outer join exactly what I have to use for finding missing data?

I anybody can help me, I would be very happy.

Sven

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Why Right Outer Join ?

Mar 15, 2007

Why do we need a Right outer join, when we get the same results by swapping the order in which tables are specified in a Left join?

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Outer Join Help

Apr 21, 2004

Ok....I have 3 tables.

Entity
--------
name
entity_key

Address
----------
street
zip
mailing_flag
entity_key

Phone
--------
phone_number
phone_type_key
entity_key


I want to see all of the Entity records with their corresponding Address and Phone records. (select e.name, a.street, a.zip, p.phone_number)But only show the Address record for that Entity if the mailing_flag is 'Y' and I only want to see the Top 1 Phone record where the phone_type_key = 'Home'. If the above criteria isn't met I just want to see nulls for the Address and Phone records.

My problem is getting ALL the Entity records to return. It only wants to give me the Entity records that have Address or Phone associated with them. That and somehow showing the Top 1 phone record for the Entity are my issues.

Any help would be much appreciated......Thanks!

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How And Where Do I Add My Outer Join?

Apr 11, 2008

Hello,

I have the following script which is *sort of working* !!

The problem I have is that I need to add an outer join to one of the tables and I don't know where to add it or what the syntax is.

Basically, anyone who has an 'STRA' role in the contacts_roles table does not usually have an email address (shown as communications.notes). However, because I don't have any outer joins in place, the script is ignoring everyone who has an 'STRA' role and only pulling back those with an 'STRE' role.

Any help would be much appreciated as to how and where I put my outer join.

Thanks so much.

Jon



SELECT contacts.label_name, contact_positions.position, contact_roles.role, contact_roles.organisation_number, communications.notes, organisations.status, organisations.name, addresses.address, addresses.town, addresses.county, addresses.postcode
FROM bmf.dbo.addresses addresses, bmf.dbo.communications communications, bmf.dbo.contact_positions contact_positions, bmf.dbo.contact_roles contact_roles, bmf.dbo.contacts contacts, bmf.dbo.organisations organisations
WHERE contact_roles.contact_number = contacts.contact_number AND communications.contact_number = contacts.contact_number AND organisations.organisation_number = contact_roles.organisation_number AND addresses.address_number = organisations.address_number AND contact_positions.contact_number = contacts.contact_number AND contact_positions.organisation_number = organisations.organisation_number AND ((contact_roles.role In ('STRE','STRA')) AND (organisations.status In ('BRAN','FULL','HOLD')))
ORDER BY organisations.name

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Outer Join

Jun 20, 2008

Help!
I have a query that runs fine with 2 outer joins, but I am using "*=" syntax and this won't work for SQL 2005.

I am replacing with 'LEFT OUTER JOIN'... I can get it to work okay for first join, but not when I add the second

Any idea


Josephine

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Help With Outer Join

Jun 30, 2006

Hi i am having problem getting a resultset in a specific format which i wanted

i am suppose to get this:

team_id|Student|student_not_yet_submitted
Team 1|A,B,C|A
Team 2|D,E,F|NULL

Where (team_id, student) and student_not_yet_submitted are from different tables. Issue of concatenating aside (i am able to do this with java loop), I derived them like this:

1st select=select team_id, student_name from team, student where (....) to get the 1st 2 columns.

To get the 3rd column,
my second select is the same as 1st select but it has an additional condition based on results from 1st select stmt (using the team_id passed in)

2nd select=select team_id, student_name from team where (..... and student_name not in (a 3rd query stmt with result based on team_id from 1st select statement))

i am trying to use left outer join on student_name to join the 2 stmt together, but i am stuck because the 2nd select statement (or rather the 3rd inner query) requires input from the 1st. is there a more efficient way of doing this?

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Inner/Outer Join Help

Mar 6, 2008

Below is my query. I am a relative novice to SQL. I'd like to rewrite this with joins. All should be inner joins except for the last one Aritem to shmast. That should be a left outer join because not all of our invoices (in the Aritem tables) have actually been shipped.

How would I do this? I have already read through 2 SQL books, but the examples they give are much simpler than what I need to do. Here's the Query:

SELECT DISTINCT Ardist.fcacctnum, Ardist.fcrefname, Ardist.fccashid,
Ardist.fcstatus, Armast.fcinvoice, Armast.fbcompany, Armast.fcustno,
Ardist.fddate, Ardist.fnamount * -1 as fnAmount,
glmast.fcdescr,
shmast.fcstate,
slcdpm.fcompany as CompanyName
FROM ardist, glmast, armast, slcdpm, shmast, aritem
WHERE Glmast.fcacctnum = Ardist.fcacctnum
AND Armast.fcinvoice = SUBSTRING(Ardist.fccashid,8,20)
AND Ardist.fnamount <> 0
AND ((Ardist.fcrefname = 'INV' OR Ardist.fcrefname = 'CRM' OR Ardist.fcrefname = 'VOID')
AND Glmast.fccode = 'R')
AND armast.fcustno = slcdpm.fcustno
AND armast.fcinvoice = aritem.fcinvoice
AND left(aritem.fshipkey,6) = shmast.fshipno

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Inner And Outer Join

Mar 30, 2008

what is difference between inner join and outer join also right and left join can you explain with simple example(because i m fresher) and the query which are there in previous forum will work for the mainframe environment?

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RIGHT OUTER JOIN?

Jul 20, 2005

In my (admittedly brief) sojurn as an SQL programmer I've often admired"outer joins" in textbooks but never really understood their use. I'vefinally come across a problem that I think is served by an outer join.-- This table stores the answer to each test questionCREATE TABLE TestResults (studentIdvarchar (15)NOT NULL,testIdintNOT NULL REFERENCES Tests(testId),qIdintNOT NULL REFERENCES TestQuestions(qId),responseintNOT NULL REFERENCES TestDistractors(dId),CONSTRAINT PK_TestResultsPRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED (testId, studentId, qId),)-- This table defines which questions are on which testsCREATE TABLE TestQuestions_Tests (testIdintNOT NULL REFERENCESTests(testId),qIdintNOT NULL REFERENCESTestQuestions(qId),)(Table Tests contains housekeeping information about a particular test,TestQuestions defines individual questions, TestDistractors lists thepossible responses.)In schematic form, the simplest form of my problem is to find all thequestions that haven't been answered. That would be:SELECT tqt.qIdFROM TestResults AS trRIGHT OUTER JOIN TestQuestions_Tests AS tqtON tr.testId = tqt.testId AND tr.qId = tqt.qIdWHERE tr.qId is NULLSo far I think this is pretty straightforward and an efficient solution.Agreed?But my real problem is a little bit more complex. What I really want toknow is "for a given student, on a given test, which questions haven'tbeen answered?"So now I have:SELECT tqt.qIdFROM TestResults AS trRIGHT OUTER JOIN TestQuestions_Tests AS tqtON tr.testId = tqt.testId AND tr.qId = tqt.qIdWHERE tqt.testId = '1' AND tr.studentId = '7' AND tr.qId IS NULLIs this the canonical form of the solution to my problem? It seems tome like it is generating a whole slew of rows and then filtering them.Is there a more elegant or efficient way to do it?-- Rick

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