How To Configure A JBOD Disk Array (PowerVault) For Performance

Feb 11, 2006

We have an application that is experiencing I/O contention,
particularly in tempdb but also in two other databases. The data is
stored on mirrored PowerVault 220's, each with 10 of 14 possible disks.
The PowerVaults are JBOD devices, not true SANs. The current config has
four separate groups of physical drives assigned to distinct logical
drives for log files, tempdb, and the two app dbs. This means, for
example, that tempdb resides on one mirrored drive. The standard advice
when faced with disk contention is to add spindles if possible. With 4
empty slots, we would presumably assign the new physical disks to the
most stressed db, e.g. tempdb.

An alternative arrangement would be to combine all the physical drives
into one logical drive, and put all the files, log and data, onto the
single logical drive. The hope for this configuration is that the
PowerVault would automagically distribute the data among the drives
such that all drives were in use, all spindles reading and writing at
maximum capacity when necessary. It is my understanding that
full-featured SANs, like NetApps and EMC models, do this. My question
is whether this configuration is best for the PowerVault, as well. Or
is this the essential difference between JBOD and a true SAN?

Has anyone tried both arrangements?

Advice is much appreciated.

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Active/passive W/o Shared Disk Array

Feb 2, 2005

can you have an active/passive without a shared disk array?

can you have an active/active without a shared disk array?

Where are the actual db files stored?

thanks

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Aug 10, 2007

***cross-posted to MSDN SQL Server forum***

Hi All. Hopefully I posted this to the right section.

I would like help identifying if I have a disk performance issue or not. First the background: we have a j2ee application using the MS SQL 2005 JDBC driver and Hibernate on 4 application servers, and an active-passive SQL Server 2005 cluster. All of the servers reside in the same physical rack and switch.

Our application is typically bounded by CPU on the app server, or throughput from the database. Several months ago we were using SQL 2000 and would often max out the CPU on the database server before anything else, but often the database could keep up and we would max out the app servers CPU. Now we have 2005 on a much more powerful machine and more app servers, but we seem to be running up against a problem with throughput from the database.

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I have read various articles online describing how to interpret the Average Disk Queue Read Length performance counter with regards to SQL Server. Some have said this should not exceed the number of physical spindles * 2. We are seeing values of 32 consistently, averaging over 60 during peak processing hours, and spiking to well over 100 on a scale of 1.0. (3-second sample interval).

So since our application servers seem to be waiting on their database calls (a lot of inserts with frequent, but small-resultset selects) and do not show I/O issues either with their local storage, memory, or network interface. The database server again has no CPU, network, or memory issues. I should add the the Average Disk Queue Write Length counter does not have any issues; its always below 1 (on a 1.0 scale). The EMC array has both read and write caching. The indexes of the application database are rebuilt weekly and defragmented every day, with stats rebuilt after the defrag.

So how can I further determine where my performance problem lies? All thoughts appreciated! Thanks!

-tuj

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Oct 25, 2007



I am running SQL server 2000 SP4 on a server with 2 Dual core 4G processors with data attached via a SAN>

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Si

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Aug 9, 2007

Hi All:

I would like help identifying if I have a disk performance issue or not. First the background: we have a j2ee application using the MS SQL 2005 JDBC driver and Hibernate on 4 application servers, and an active-passive SQL Server 2005 cluster. All of the servers reside in the same physical rack and switch.

Our application is typically bounded by CPU on the app server, or throughput from the database. Several months ago we were using SQL 2000 and would often max out the CPU on the database server before anything else, but often the database could keep up. Now we have 2005 on a much more powerful machine and more app servers, but we seem to be running up against a problem with throughput from the database.

The issue is not CPU. The total cpu average, as monitored in perfmon on 30 second intervals, stays consistently below 40%. But what concerns me is the Average Disk Queue Read Length, particularly for our E: drive. On this machine, the transaction log, the system and temp dbs, and our application's database are all on separate EMC partitions, connected via fibre chanel. The E drive houses the app data and is a 15-way meta device (fifteen 10GB logical devices striped at 960k for a 150GB device) in a RAID-S configuration.

I have read various articles online describing how to interpet the Average Disk Queue Read Length performance counter with regards to SQL Server. Some have said this should not exceed the number of physical spindles * 2. We are seeing values of 32 consistently, averaging over 60 during peak processing hours, and spiking to well over 100 on a scale of 1.0. (3-second sample interval).

So since our application servers seem to be waiting on their database calls (a lot of inserts with frequent, but small-resultset selects) and do not show I/O issues either with their local storage, memory, or network interface. The database server again has no CPU, network, or memory issues. I should add the the Average Disk Queue Write Length counter does not have any issues; its always below 1 (on a 1.0 scale). The EMC Celerra array has both read and write caching. The indexes of the application database are rebuilt weekly and defragmented every day, with stats rebuilt after the defrag.

So how can I further determine where my performance problem lies? All thoughts appreciated! Thanks!

-tuj

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Jul 20, 2005

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May 14, 2007

Summary: Started replication April 1 of 4M xact / day publishing system to subscribing system.

Performance was good. Latency was ~ 5-7 seconds.

May 10 we noticed that the DB was behind (latency was 12 hours).

All performance counters seem good with the exception of the disk.

. Performance spikes are 8 minutes apart and last from 30 - 60 seconds.

. During this period, Disk % Busy (1 - Disk % Idle) is 100%



The publisher DB publishes about 50-52 xacts/sec.

Rate of distribution (distribution DB to Subscriber DB) is ~ 47 xacts / second, so latency is increasing (currently at 33 hours). Previously my Subscriber system's "capacity" was 150 xacts / sec.



I know this because several weeks ago, the network went down, we were 24 hours behind.

When the network came back up the replication subscriber system was able to catchup at around 150 xacts / sec, or 3X the production system rate.



What has changed between then and now? Not much. We did install Tivoli Service Manager (IBM's backup system) a couple of weeks ago. It seems to run fine on a nightly basis, but I don't see any periodic heavy Disk I/O from that. Just to be sure, I've had them shut the TSM services down just to be sure.



We've also eliminated all extraneous processes other than those I need for performance monitoring (there was a RTVscan, virus scan process).


I've eliminated Autogrowth's as an issue as I've bumped the growth so that they are very infrequent (several days at this point. When we resolve the problem, I'll dial this down to something more reasonable.

My disk configuration is not ideal I realize (single Raid-5 disk with 3 partitions), however, this has not changed in the 6 weeks.

Thanks for any help on this!

Jack Griffith



Configuration:



Subscribing System:



SQL Server: 2000, SP4 - 8.0.2039

CPU - 2.8GHZ Xeon, Quad Dual-core

Memory - 3.5GB RAM

Disk: 3 partitions on a single RAID-5 disk with 1118 GB of space:

C: 39GB System and Programs

D: 97GB Log space

E: 982 GB Data space


Replication configuration:

- nosynch, continuous Transactional Replication
- Distribution db is on Subscription system
- distribution - Publication of approx. 50 transactions / second

Subscriber DB configuration:
DB size: 64458 MB
Logging: Simple (at this point)

distribution

DB size: 3111 MB
Logging: Simple (at this point)

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I almost am leaning towards the single cpu query because of lower resources used -
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CPU Reads Writes Duration
Parallel: 200k 3.2m 2400 62s
Solo: 79k 1.1m 600 79s

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Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Please copy me at machelle.a.chandler@intel.com.

Machelle

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Nov 13, 2007

-- Initialize Control Mechanism
DECLARE@Drive TINYINT,
@SQL VARCHAR(100)

SET@Drive = 97

-- Setup Staging Area
DECLARE@Drives TABLE
(
Drive CHAR(1),
Info VARCHAR(80)
)

WHILE @Drive <= 122
BEGIN
SET@SQL = 'EXEC XP_CMDSHELL ''fsutil volume diskfree ' + CHAR(@Drive) + ':'''

INSERT@Drives
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Info
)
EXEC(@SQL)

UPDATE@Drives
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WHEREDrive IS NULL

SET@Drive = @Drive + 1
END

-- Show the expected output
SELECTDrive,
SUM(CASE WHEN Info LIKE 'Total # of bytes : %' THEN CAST(REPLACE(SUBSTRING(Info, 32, 48), CHAR(13), '') AS BIGINT) ELSE CAST(0 AS BIGINT) END) AS TotalBytes,
SUM(CASE WHEN Info LIKE 'Total # of free bytes : %' THEN CAST(REPLACE(SUBSTRING(Info, 32, 48), CHAR(13), '') AS BIGINT) ELSE CAST(0 AS BIGINT) END) AS FreeBytes,
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Info
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E 12°55'05.25"
N 56°04'39.16"

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Kindest regards,
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=====================================
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Array In A STOC??

Feb 3, 2004

Hi all,

My Issue is the next thing:
I have a table filled with contracts
I have Stoc that checks if contract has expired
If I start the Stoc I must give it the contractnumber with it like:
SP_expired 8

This works fine but now I want that the Stoc checks all the contracts by just starting the Stoc.

I don't really know how to do this, I have thinking about using an array.
But don't have an idea where to start....

Thnx in advance

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