How To Get Primary Key (Columns) Of A Table?

Jan 5, 2006

I want to get the Primary Key Columns in Arrays by sending a table

name. I am using SQL Server 2000 and I want to make a find utility in VB.net which
will work for all the forms; I have tables with one Primary key and some tables with composite Primary keys.

I used to do this in VB 6 by making a function which fills the Primary Keys in
List Box (I require to fill in list box), now I need to get in array.

Can some one tell me the migration of the following VB 6 Code?

This was written for the MS Access, I need same for SQL Server, I can
not find Table Def and Index Object in VB.net 2003.

Public Sub GetFieldsFromDatabase (ldbDatabase As Database, lsTableName As
String)
   
  Dim lttabDef As TableDef
  Dim liCounter As Integer
  Dim liLoop As Integer
  Dim idxLoop As Index
  Dim fldLoop As Field


  With ldbDatabase
    For Each lttabDef In .TableDefs
      If lttabDef.Name = lsTableName Then
        liCounter = lttabDef.Fields.Count
        For liLoop = 0 To liCounter - 1
          cboFieldLists.List(liLoop) = lttabDef.Fields(liLoop).Name
        Next liLoop
        For Each idxLoop In lttabDef.Indexes
          With idxLoop
            lblIndexName = .Name
            If .Primary Then
              liCounter = 0
              For Each fldLoop In .Fields
               cboPrimaryKeys.List(liCounter) = fldLoop.Name
                liCounter = liCounter + 1
              Next fldLoop
            End If
          End With
        Next
        cboFieldLists.ListIndex = 0
        If cboPrimaryKeys.ListCount > 0 Then
          cboPrimaryKeys.ListIndex = 0
        End If
        Exit For
      End If
     Next
 End With
End Sub

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Columns In Primary Table And Foreign Key Table

Feb 12, 2007

mahesh writes "HI,

I am new to sql server.

can anybody help me

I have a table named tblqualificationmaster.

can i know the foreignkeys and the table related to this

tblqualificationmaster having foeign keys using stored procedure."

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Reducing Storage Space By Moving Rarely Required Columns To Separate Table While Sharing Primary Key Constraint

Aug 17, 2006

Dear all,

In my current database design, there is one table (PState) which has a Primary Key (int) and a few other fields.

During development, a pattern started to arise; for certain rows in PState, I wanted to specify an additional set of columns (over 10 of them with quite large lengths) for each row in PState. However, as these additional columns would only be required in approximately 20% of the rows of PState, there would be plenty of NULL values in PState if I would make this table wider than necessary. So, I decided to create a separate table with those optional columns (PStateWFI). In order to attach these additional columns in PStateWFI to PState in the cases they were needed, I would obviously have to create a Foreign Key constraint on the Primary Key of PStateWFI so that these optional rows would know which row in PState they would belong to.

However, the problem with this approach is that one could define multiple rows in PStateWFI referring to the same row in PState, which would not make sense. Thus, a UNIQUE index constraint added to the constrained ID column in PStateWFI would make sense to ensure that there could only be one set of optional columns added to each row in PState. But now, when adding the UNIQUE index, the FK constraint started to appear as a bidirectional key link in the Diagram; hence, new entries in PState would have to meet a FK constraint based on PStateWFI, which was not intended.

Hence, I had to create a quite awkward design to enforce the constraints:

1. The PState table has a Primary Key (PState.ParticleID, int, Identity Specification: Yes)
2. The PStateWFI table has a Primary Key (PstateWFIID, int, Identity Specification: Yes)
3. PStateWFI has field "PStateID" which has a FK constraint to PState.ParticleID (which is a one-way constraint operating in the correct way and does not constrain insertions in PState)
4. PStateWFI has an additional column ParticleIDIndex which has a UNIQUE Index attached to it.
5. There is a check constraint on PStateWFI enforcing PStateWFI.ParticleIDIndex = PStateWFI.ParticleID.

Although this structure does the job, it makes it necessary to add a redundant column in PStateWFI by duplicating the PStateWFI.ParticleID into PStateWFI.ParticleIDIndex, since I can't create a UNIQUE index on PStateWFI.ParticleID without constraining the PState table as well. So, insertions into this table would have to insert the same value into two columns. Not a big deal, but appears slightly ugly.

Basically I'd hope someone could explain why a bidirectional FK constraint has to be enforced on the primary key table in a relationship when the constrained column in the primary key table has a UNIQUE index attached on it. I have a few other cases where the above approach would benefit from a more clear structure.

Thanks in advance for any advice.

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Primary Key On 17 Columns

Dec 7, 2001

Hi Guys,
When I create a table with a composit primary key with 18columns. I get this error
"Cannot specify more than 16 column names for index key list. 17 specified."
I really have to have these columns as primary key.
Is there any workaround to create this table;
Thanks

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Apr 15, 2007

How can I create a primary key on two columns? I could not find any sensible code sample or description how it should be done. It is clear from MSDN that it is possible but there are no examples.



There is a textbox "Included Columns" in one of the tools for setting primary keys for one column but it does not allow me to enter anything.



Thanks.

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Jul 22, 2015

So I have been trying to get mySQL query to work for a large database that I have. I have (lets say) two tables Table_One and Table_Two. Table_One has three columns: Type, Animal and TestID and Table_Two has 2 columns Test_Name and Test_ID. Example with values is below:

**TABLE_ONE**
Type Animal TestID
-----------------------------------------
Mammal Goat 1
Fish Cod 1
Bird Chicken 1
Reptile Snake 1
Bird Crow 2
Mammal Cow 2
Bird Ostrich 3

**Table_Two**
Test_name TestID
-------------------------
Test_1 1
Test_1 1
Test_1 1
Test_1 1
Test_2 2
Test_2 2
Test_3 3

In Table_One all types come under one column and the values of all Types (Mammal, Fish, Bird, Reptile) come under another column (Animals). Table_One and Two can be linked by Test_ID

I am trying to create a table such as shown below:

Test_Name Bird Reptile Mammal Fish
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Test_1 Chicken Snake Goat Cod
Test_2 Crow Cow
Test_3 Ostrich

This should be my final table. The approach I am currently using is to make multiple instances of Table_One and using joins to form this final table. So the column Bird, Reptile, Mammal and Fish all come from a different copy of Table_one.

For e.g

Select
Test_Name AS 'Test_Name',
Table_Bird.Animal AS 'Birds',
Table_Mammal.Animal AS 'Mammal',
Table_Reptile.Animal AS 'Reptile,
Table_Fish.Animal AS 'Fish'
From Table_One

[Code] .....

The problem with this query is it only works when all entries for Birds, Mammals, Reptiles and Fish have some value. If one field is empty as for Test_Two or Test_Three, it doesn't return that record. I used Or instead of And in the WHERE clause but that didn't work as well.

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Jan 12, 2007

Hello all.  I need to extract the column names that form the primary key group on a table in SQL Server.  I have a table called Account and it contains ten columns.  The primary key consists of two columns  - MasterAccountID, AccountID.  This primary key is a unique constraint and is clustered (it acts as an index as well as a primary key group).  I have tried the following to no avail:exec sp_pkeys Account   -> returns no rowsexec sp_helpindex Account -> throws an error stating that the object 'Account' does not existIf I run the following SQL statement, I can see all of the PK_* constraints in the database, so I know they are there:select * from information_schema.table_constraintswhere constraInt_type IN ('PRIMARY KEY','FOREIGN KEY') Again, I need to be able to specify a table name and have it return the columns (don't care if it returns extra fields) that make up the primary key fields for that table.  Thanks!   

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Sequence Of Columns In Primary Key

Oct 17, 2005

I am currently undertaking a review of the primary keys in a SQL Server2000 database with a view to improving performance of queries.I have heard that, in the case of compound primary keys, it isimportant to select the correct order for the columns within the key.For instance, imagine a table called OrderLine which has primary keycolumns as follows-LedgerOrderNumberOrderLineNumberThe theory I have heard is that columns with the most distinct valuesshould come first. In this case, Ledger is likely to have a maximum of6 distinct values, OrderNumber a maximum of 10 million and OrderLine upto 99. Based on this supposition I believe the best order would be-OrderNumberOrderLineNumberLedgerI have performed a few rudimentary tests that appear to bear this out.I was wondering if anyone else has tried something similar and if sowhat was the result?Thanks,Ross

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Feb 23, 2006

my table :

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[users] (
[ID] [int] NOT NULL ,
[A1] [nvarchar] (100) NULL ,
[A2] [nvarchar] (100) NULL ,
[A3] [nvarchar] (100) NULL
) ON [PRIMARY]

i must keep ID columns as primary key

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[users] WITH NOCHECK ADD
CONSTRAINT [PK_users] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[ID]
) ON [PRIMARY]


but now A1+A2 must be unique

how can i do it ?

thank you

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Jun 12, 2006

Hi everyone.

I have two tables: the catalog table and the detail table.
The two tables are joined by a two-columns key.

I want to make a Delete sentence for delete all the rows in the Catalog table that aren't in the detail table, in SQL Server.

The only problem is that the key is composed by two colums.

If the Key was maded of one column, that would be easy, like this:

DELETE FROM CATALOG
WHERE CATALOGKEY NOT IN (SELECT CATALOGKEY FROM DETAIL)

But it is possible to make a delete sentence if the key has two columns ?


Thanks

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May 29, 2007

Hi ,
Plz help me.
The scenario is as follows
I have a db on sql server 2005.I have replicated the db on sql server 2000.All the data counts seems to be correct.But the online websites are not able to execute queries generating error(Microsoft OLE DB Provider for sql server error '80040e21'.Multiple step OLE DB operation generated errors.Check each OLE DB status value,if available.No work was done.)Same web aspcode is working for other db (which were replicated from sql server 2000).
Also one more thing that was observed is as follows:
1)Prmary key was replicated for some of the tables.When primary keys were removed manually report executed fine.

Thanks in advance
Satish

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Aug 28, 2002

Hi all,
Can anyone suggest me on Adding primary key to a table which has already a primary key.

Thanks,
Jeyam

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May 23, 2015

Can a Primary Key column also be a Identity column? The reason I am asking this question is because I have created a table and each time I insert data into the Address Table I am also inserting the AddressID, how do I get the Primary Key (AddressID column) to self generate ID values.

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Sep 24, 2014

I've two tables A, B. In A table, I need to define the primary key with combination of 2 columns and this Primary Key will be a foreign key in table B. Based on these PK and FK I'll be writing a join to get the second column in table B.

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Apr 17, 2014

how to find all primary key columns & foreign key columns in all database tables?

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Jul 7, 2006

I frequently have the problem where I have a list of items to delete ina temp table, such asProjectId Description------------- ----------------1 test12 test43 test34 test2And I want to delete all those items from another table.. What is thebest way to do that? If I use two IN clauses it will do it where itmatches anything in both, not the exact combination of the two. I can'tdo joins in a delete clause like an update, so how is this typicallyhandled?The only way I can see so far to get around it is to concatenate thecolumns like CAST(ProjectId as varchar) + '-' + Description and do anIN clause on that which is pretty nasty.Any better way?

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Sep 19, 2007



Hi,

I have two tables

Table Source
{

category varchar(20),
LastUpdate datetime
}



Table Destination
{


SubjectId varchar(20),
SubjectDate datetime,
category varchar(20),
LastUpdate datetime
}

Please note that the number columns are different in each table.
I wanted to dump the data of Source table to Destination table. I meant to say that the rows of 2 columns in Source table to last 2 rows of Destination table.
And also my oreder of the columns in Destination table will vary. So i need to a way to dynamically insert the data in bulk. but i will know the column names for sure before inserting.

Is there anyway to bulk insert into these columns.


Your quick response will be appreciated

~Mohan Babu

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Apr 29, 2015

I have a business need to create a report by query data from a MS SQL 2008 database and display the result to the users on a web page. The report initially has 6 columns of data and 2 out of 6 have JSON data so the users request to have those 2 JSON columns parse into 15 additional columns (first JSON column has 8 key/value pairs and the second JSON column has 7 key/value pairs). Here what I have done so far:

I found a table value function (fnSplitJson2) from this link [URL]. Using this function I can parse a column of JSON data into a table. So when I use the function above against the first column (with JSON data) in my query (with CROSS APPLY) I got the right data back the but I got 8 additional rows of each of the row in my table. The reason for this side effect is because the function returned a table of 8 row (8 key/value pairs) for each json string data that it parsed.

1. First question: How do I modify my current query (see below) so that for each row in my table i got back one row with 19 columns.

SELECT A.ITEM1,A.ITEM2,A.ITEM3,A.ITEM4, B.*
FROM PRODUCT A
CROSS APPLY fnSplitJson2(A.ITEM5,NULL) B

If updated my query (see below) and call the function twice within the CROSS APPLY clause I got this error: "The multi-part identifier "A.ITEM6" could be be bound.

2. My second question: How to i get around this error?

SELECT A.ITEM1,A.ITEM2,A.ITEM3,A.ITEM4, B.*, C.*
FROM PRODUCT A
CROSS APPLY fnSplitJson2(A.ITEM5,NULL) B,  fnSplitJson2(A.ITEM6,NULL) C

I am using Microsoft SQL Server 2008 R2 version. Windows 7 desktop.

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May 26, 2015

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Col3, col4 are columns in another table but these can be just a read only ?? Is this possible ? this is possible with View but not friendly with share point CRUD...Col 5 is a computed column of col 2 and col5 ? if above step can be done then sure this can be done I guess.

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Jul 20, 2005

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Code:
SELECT Student_ind.StudentFirstName, Student_ind.StudentLastName, Student_ind.[Student ID], People_tbl.[Family ID], People_tbl.FirstName,
People_tbl.LastName, People_tbl.[Parent ID]
FROM People_tbl RIGHT OUTER JOIN
Student_ind ON People_tbl.[Family ID] = Student_ind.[Family ID]
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Jun 21, 2015

Previously same records exists in table having primary key and table having foreign key . we have faced 7 records were lost from primary key table but same record exists in foreign key table.

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Feb 26, 2008



Hi all,


my stored procedure have one table variable (@t_Replenishment_Rpt).I want to create an Index on this table variable.please advise any of them in this loop...
below is my table variable and I need to create 3 indexes on this...


DECLARE @t_Replenishment_Rpt TABLE
(
Item_Nbr varchar(25) NULL,
Item_Desc varchar(255) NULL,
Trx_Date datetime NULL,
Balance int NULL,
Trx_Type char(10) NULL,
Issue_Type char(10) NULL,
Location char(25) NULL,
Min_Stock int NULL,
Order_Qty int NULL,
Unit char(10) NULL,
Issue_Qty int NULL,
Vendor varchar(10) NULL,
WO_Nbr varchar(10) NULL,
Lead_Time int NULL,
PO_Nbr char(10) NULL,
PO_Status char(10) NULL,
Currency char(10) NULL,
Last_Cost money NULL,
Dept_No varchar(20) NULL,
MSDSNbr varchar(10) NULL,
VendorName varchar(50) NULL,
Reviewed varchar(20) NULL
)

I tryed all below senarios...it is giving error...


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--EXEC sp_executesql(CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX Replenishment_index ON @t_Replenishment_Rpt (Item_Nbr))
--CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED INDEX Idx1 ON @t_Replenishment_Rpt.Item_Nbr
INDEX_COL ( '@t_Replenishment_Rpt' , ind_Replenishment_id , Item_Nbr )
--EXEC sp_executesql('SELECT INDEXPROPERTY('+ '@t_Replenishment_Rpt' + ', ' + 'Item_Nbr' + ',' + 'IsPadIndex' + ')')
--EXEC sp_executesql(SELECT INDEXPROPERTY('@t_Replenishment_Rpt', 'Vendor','IsPadIndex'))
--EXEC sp_executesql(SELECT INDEXPROPERTY('@t_Replenishment_Rpt', 'Dept_No','IsPadIndex'))


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Dec 10, 2007

 

Hi i have set up  two very simple tables, I want a user to be able to create a basic account ( data stored in User_Profile  table with Id set as the Primery Key as Identity) I
want the user to be able to be able to return to their account at a later date
and then post multiple reviews of different bands they have seen at a later date.
I kept the tables in my example very simple so I could get my head
around the concept, but generally, I want to connect the Id (PK) value in
User_Profile table to the User_Id filed in the User_Review table,
so every review that user writes, will be connected directly to their Id.  

Any help you could give would be fantastic a i have no idea where to start!!!

  

User_Profile

Id   int,  ( as primary Identity Key)

Name

City

Country

 

I have a second table called User Reviews

 User_Revews

Revew_Id   int ,  ( as primary Identity Key)

User_Id  int, ( I want this to contain the Id value in
the User profile Table)

Review_Details

 

 

Thanks

 

Odxsigma

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Jan 17, 2008

Hi,

I have a Users table that I use for membership. I am using username varchar(30) as the primary key for this table since username will always be unique.




The question I have is regarding how SQL Server actually stores data:

I see that when I add users, they are always stored alphabetically sorted on username.

I was expecting that all users will appear on the users table in the order they were added.

Example: I have 3 users (john, jonah, wilson). Now I added 4 user with username='bob'

If I execute select * from users, it returns me (bob, john, jonah, wilson). Look bob has become the first row of the table.


My question: Is Sql server moving 3 older rows to make room for 'bob' and it is also rebuilding part of the index due this new username 'bob'?


If this is the case, then it will have big impact if I have 100K users and I add one user that becomes firstrow. In that case 99,999 rows will have to move.


Bottom line, insert, delete will be very expensive.

I know sql server keeps data physically sorted on PK. But I am concerned here since rows are losing the order in which they were inserted.

Thanks

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[Schools] [Students]
---------------- -----------------
| SchoolId PK|<-. | StudentId PK|
| SchoolName | '--| SchoolId |
---------------- | StudentName |
-----------------

The foreign key above is as:

ALTER TABLE [Students] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Students_Schools]
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What kind of index would ensure best performance for INSERTs/UPDATEs, so that SQL Server can most efficiently check the FK constraints? Would it be simply:

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Or
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In other words, what's best practice for adding an index which best supports a Foreign Key constraint?

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Apr 4, 2008

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In the ActiveX script most of the fields were defaulted with either spaces or zeroes.

One of the Destination fields needs to be incremented by 1 for each new record inserted.

Any help would be appreciated.

Thanks,

Jeff

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