SQL Server Disk Sub-system (overhaul) Performance Questions

Jul 20, 2005

I 'inherited' a group of SQL Server server class machines. They are
true server technology but the disk sub-systems are lacking. There is
one hot-swap backplane that all the drives share (with one SCSI
channel) thusly even though there are three logical drives (composed
from 6 to 8 hard drives), they all go through one channel. This is
creating a performance issue that is noticable and can be seen in
various performance counters that Microsoft recommended one should
monitor in terms of disk I/O. For a cheaper 'fix', I can add a
seperate two drive bay (with its own SCSI channel) with mirrored
drives. I would then mostly likely place the transaction log files on
this new channel. Or I could place the indices filegroup files on
this new channel for DBs with mainly searching going on (not much
updating). If I went this route I would be leaning towards the
transaction log move since the second method would require me moving
DBs around quite a bit. Any input on this solution (besides spending
more money)?

What I would prefer to do is get a better server class machine or add
an external drive bay solution (not a SAN). I would try to get three
or four SCSI channels in the new hardware to split the different
file/filegroups out (i.e. transaction logs files, data filegroup,
indices filegroup, etc.). My only concern here is: would this more
expensive solution be worth the money? As far as replacing servers, I
have only two kinds of experience...replacing somewhat underpowered
servers with slightly less underpowered servers and replacing overkill
servers with even more overkill servers. In both cases, the disk
sub-systems were fairly equivalent from the old system to the new one.

Will going the three/four channel route really get data moving along?
We have one server in particular that hosts a database (one of many on
it) for a web application that gets decent traffic (it is a private
login based system for internal use and external use by our clients'
agents). Periodically throughout the day, there are 2-5 minute bursts
where performance slows to a crawl. I want to spend more time
profiling queries and such before recommending we spend more money,
but the folks I am working for want quick results and there is quite a
bit of stored procedure logic to profile and investigate. I know the
disk sub-system is definately in need of an overhaul, but I would like
to get an idea of peformance gains from adding either one additional
channel over the existing single channel as well as going the
three/four channel route over the existing single channel setup.

Any information would be greatly appreciated.

Regards,
Tony

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Replication System Disk Performance Issue After 1 Month

May 14, 2007

Summary: Started replication April 1 of 4M xact / day publishing system to subscribing system.

Performance was good. Latency was ~ 5-7 seconds.

May 10 we noticed that the DB was behind (latency was 12 hours).

All performance counters seem good with the exception of the disk.

. Performance spikes are 8 minutes apart and last from 30 - 60 seconds.

. During this period, Disk % Busy (1 - Disk % Idle) is 100%



The publisher DB publishes about 50-52 xacts/sec.

Rate of distribution (distribution DB to Subscriber DB) is ~ 47 xacts / second, so latency is increasing (currently at 33 hours). Previously my Subscriber system's "capacity" was 150 xacts / sec.



I know this because several weeks ago, the network went down, we were 24 hours behind.

When the network came back up the replication subscriber system was able to catchup at around 150 xacts / sec, or 3X the production system rate.



What has changed between then and now? Not much. We did install Tivoli Service Manager (IBM's backup system) a couple of weeks ago. It seems to run fine on a nightly basis, but I don't see any periodic heavy Disk I/O from that. Just to be sure, I've had them shut the TSM services down just to be sure.



We've also eliminated all extraneous processes other than those I need for performance monitoring (there was a RTVscan, virus scan process).


I've eliminated Autogrowth's as an issue as I've bumped the growth so that they are very infrequent (several days at this point. When we resolve the problem, I'll dial this down to something more reasonable.

My disk configuration is not ideal I realize (single Raid-5 disk with 3 partitions), however, this has not changed in the 6 weeks.

Thanks for any help on this!

Jack Griffith



Configuration:



Subscribing System:



SQL Server: 2000, SP4 - 8.0.2039

CPU - 2.8GHZ Xeon, Quad Dual-core

Memory - 3.5GB RAM

Disk: 3 partitions on a single RAID-5 disk with 1118 GB of space:

C: 39GB System and Programs

D: 97GB Log space

E: 982 GB Data space


Replication configuration:

- nosynch, continuous Transactional Replication
- Distribution db is on Subscription system
- distribution - Publication of approx. 50 transactions / second

Subscriber DB configuration:
DB size: 64458 MB
Logging: Simple (at this point)

distribution

DB size: 3111 MB
Logging: Simple (at this point)

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Mar 2, 2006

Hi all,

Need some help with configuring the Disk Sub system using Raid 10

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Thx
Venu

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Hi all,

I'm having some performance-wise thoughts about my new sql-server 2005 installation ...
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The question is - if my sys dbs are on different partition, could I experience some performance issues ?

One senario that I can think of is when the SQL looks for SPs starting with sp_ in the master DB, the disk will have to check a different partition. Perhaps such senario was solved using some kind of caching methods on the sql server itself.

Hope my thread is in the right forum.

Cheers everyone.

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Aug 10, 2007

***cross-posted to MSDN SQL Server forum***

Hi All. Hopefully I posted this to the right section.

I would like help identifying if I have a disk performance issue or not. First the background: we have a j2ee application using the MS SQL 2005 JDBC driver and Hibernate on 4 application servers, and an active-passive SQL Server 2005 cluster. All of the servers reside in the same physical rack and switch.

Our application is typically bounded by CPU on the app server, or throughput from the database. Several months ago we were using SQL 2000 and would often max out the CPU on the database server before anything else, but often the database could keep up and we would max out the app servers CPU. Now we have 2005 on a much more powerful machine and more app servers, but we seem to be running up against a problem with throughput from the database.

The issue is not CPU. The total cpu average on the database server, as monitored in perfmon on 30 second intervals, stays consistently below 40%. The app servers stay well below 30%. But what concerns me is the Average Disk Queue Read Length on the database server, particularly for our E: drive. On this db server, the transaction log, the system and temp dbs, and our application's database are all on separate EMC SAN shares, connected via fibre chanel. The E drive houses the app data and is a 15-way meta device (fifteen 10GB logical devices striped at 960k for a 150GB device) in a RAID-S configuration, EMC Symmetrix array located in the same rack. The database is roughly 30GB.

I have read various articles online describing how to interpret the Average Disk Queue Read Length performance counter with regards to SQL Server. Some have said this should not exceed the number of physical spindles * 2. We are seeing values of 32 consistently, averaging over 60 during peak processing hours, and spiking to well over 100 on a scale of 1.0. (3-second sample interval).

So since our application servers seem to be waiting on their database calls (a lot of inserts with frequent, but small-resultset selects) and do not show I/O issues either with their local storage, memory, or network interface. The database server again has no CPU, network, or memory issues. I should add the the Average Disk Queue Write Length counter does not have any issues; its always below 1 (on a 1.0 scale). The EMC array has both read and write caching. The indexes of the application database are rebuilt weekly and defragmented every day, with stats rebuilt after the defrag.

So how can I further determine where my performance problem lies? All thoughts appreciated! Thanks!

-tuj

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Oct 25, 2007



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Any tips would be greatfully received.

Si

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Aug 9, 2007

Hi All:

I would like help identifying if I have a disk performance issue or not. First the background: we have a j2ee application using the MS SQL 2005 JDBC driver and Hibernate on 4 application servers, and an active-passive SQL Server 2005 cluster. All of the servers reside in the same physical rack and switch.

Our application is typically bounded by CPU on the app server, or throughput from the database. Several months ago we were using SQL 2000 and would often max out the CPU on the database server before anything else, but often the database could keep up. Now we have 2005 on a much more powerful machine and more app servers, but we seem to be running up against a problem with throughput from the database.

The issue is not CPU. The total cpu average, as monitored in perfmon on 30 second intervals, stays consistently below 40%. But what concerns me is the Average Disk Queue Read Length, particularly for our E: drive. On this machine, the transaction log, the system and temp dbs, and our application's database are all on separate EMC partitions, connected via fibre chanel. The E drive houses the app data and is a 15-way meta device (fifteen 10GB logical devices striped at 960k for a 150GB device) in a RAID-S configuration.

I have read various articles online describing how to interpet the Average Disk Queue Read Length performance counter with regards to SQL Server. Some have said this should not exceed the number of physical spindles * 2. We are seeing values of 32 consistently, averaging over 60 during peak processing hours, and spiking to well over 100 on a scale of 1.0. (3-second sample interval).

So since our application servers seem to be waiting on their database calls (a lot of inserts with frequent, but small-resultset selects) and do not show I/O issues either with their local storage, memory, or network interface. The database server again has no CPU, network, or memory issues. I should add the the Average Disk Queue Write Length counter does not have any issues; its always below 1 (on a 1.0 scale). The EMC Celerra array has both read and write caching. The indexes of the application database are rebuilt weekly and defragmented every day, with stats rebuilt after the defrag.

So how can I further determine where my performance problem lies? All thoughts appreciated! Thanks!

-tuj

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Mar 2, 2004

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Can anyone out there give me some input on what I could check to figure out why we are experiencing this performance difference?



Thanks,

Corey

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Jul 20, 2005

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May 29, 2008



Depending on the way I write a query, I come up with these 2 stats.
Is there a sure winner in this race, keeping in mind the overall health of the server?
(I'm not sure of the specs of the server, as I can't log on to it :/ but are there any sql variables that would show cpu speed and # of cpus?)

I almost am leaning towards the single cpu query because of lower resources used -
or are most of the "reads" in the parallel'd query not read directly from the HD, but using the Table Spool created internally (query plan shows it)?

CPU Reads Writes Duration
Parallel: 200k 3.2m 2400 62s
Solo: 79k 1.1m 600 79s

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Dec 16, 2004

I have a stored procedure that takes less than 1 second in sql query analyzer to return my results.
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Apr 15, 2003

We are new to SQL 2000, and would like to bounce a couple questions off some of you gurus out there.
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Here is our problem:
We have SQL Server 2000 loaded on a little scrapper PC with 1.4GHZ single processor, 1GB of memory, and a single 40 GB IDE drive.

When we are initially loading any of our repository tables the process cruises along pretty well, even respective of trying to locate the record for update before doing an insert. But, if we do something as simple as selecting count(*) against the table that's loading, performance on the load goes to its knees.
We understand we're pretty much at the mercy of the hardware we have (that's the budget), but we'd like to get as much bang as we can out of what's there.

Our questions are:
1. Is there anything we can do with our server configuration (short of new hardware) that will help us?
2. Are there any recommendations as far as monitors to help us better tune this specific configuration?

Thanks in advance for any help.

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Hi,
Somebody please help me with mostly asked question on Performance Tunning Section. I have my client interview schedule for this profile.



Thanks in advance.
-- Chetan

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Feb 3, 2005

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It tells me I have a recompilation that I did not expect, it says the reason is "object not found at compile time, deferred to run time", but doesn't do too well at specifically telling me which object it is complaining about (yeah, not REALLY a complaint, but perhaps more a "mention", but I digress...)

I thought originally it was, perhaps, an object that I had not referenced correctly, but as it turns out, it is, I believe, referring to a global temporary table one of my procs creates. Upon further reflection/introspection, it makes sense to me that this is the case, since it won't HAVE the temp table object to kick around until it is created at run time.

Does this make sense? If so, I guess this is one of those times where the tool just makes reference to a possible issue, but it's up to the user to understand what the underlying cause of the "mention" is, and to determine if it is "OK" to have the recompilation occur.

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hello,all
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         is it possible to do it ? 
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        thanks in advanced!
 
 
 
      

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May 25, 2007

Hi there,



I have been hired for a couple of weeks to investigate the performance of a sql server 2000 system.

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An decimal with a precision of 18,0 takes 9 bytes for each column, while an int takes only 4 bytes and and bigint 8 bytes.

Many tables aren't that big, so the values will fit in an int datatype.

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3. sometimes they have deadlocks due page splits. Can this by reduced by changing the data types, while more data fit's into an page?



Thanks in advance,



Greetz,



Patrick de Jong

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Hi all,

Ok here goes,

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So my options as I understand it are:

Get Enterprise edition

or

Get another physical raid 10 array and separate the logs and data i.e. data on one array and logs on the other array.


I would like to try the latter but I am totally unsure how much difference this will make or whether it will make any difference at all.

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Thanks

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A possible solution:
I solve whether I have to use two databases:
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2.DB with data for frontend

acesses...............trigers
--------->2.DB <----------1.DB

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Could you give me any advice ?
Thanks

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Nov 8, 2001

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Imports SystemImports System.TextImports System.DataImports System.Data.SqlClientImports System.Data.SqlTypesImports System.CollectionsImports System.DirectoryServicesImports Microsoft.SqlServer.ServerPartial Public Class UserDefinedFunctions#Region "Constants" ''' <summary> ''' The connection string for Active Directory. ''' </summary> 'Private Const LDAP_CONNECTION_STRING As String = "LDAP://<My LDAP connection string> ''' <summary> ''' The LDAP search filter need to find a user in Active Directory. ''' </summary> 'Private Const LDAP_SEARCH_FILTER_USER As String = "(&(objectclass=user)(objectcategory=person)(sAMAccountName={0}))"#End Region ''' <summary> ''' Gets all active directory groups for the user. ''' </summary> ''' <returns>All dataset permissions for the user.</returns> <Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.SqlFunction(DataAccess:=DataAccessKind.None, FillRowMethodName:="udfUserActiveDirectoryGroupsFill", TableDefinition:="GroupID NVARCHAR(100)")> _ Public Shared Function udfUserActiveDirectoryGroups(ByVal userName As String) As IEnumerable ' Setup the active directory search. Dim searcher As New DirectorySearcher(LDAP_CONNECTION_STRING) searcher.Filter = String.Format(LDAP_SEARCH_FILTER_USER, userName) searcher.SearchScope = SearchScope.Subtree searcher.PropertiesToLoad.Add("distinguishedname") ' Run the active directory search. Dim result As SearchResult = searcher.FindOne() Dim userEntry As DirectoryEntry = result.GetDirectoryEntry() Dim userGroups As New ArrayList GetActiveDirectoryGroupsForEntry(userEntry, userGroups) Return userGroups End Function Public Shared Sub udfUserActiveDirectoryGroupsFill(ByVal source As Object, ByRef GroupID As SqlChars) GroupID = New SqlChars(CType(source, String)) End Sub ''' <summary> ''' Recursively gets the active directory groups for the directory entry. ''' </summary> ''' <param name="entry">The active directory entry.</param> ''' <param name="groups">The list of groups.</param> Private Shared Sub GetActiveDirectoryGroupsForEntry(ByVal entry As DirectoryEntry, ByVal groups As ArrayList) For i As Integer = 0 To entry.Properties("memberOf").Count - 1 Dim memberEntry As New DirectoryEntry("LDAP://" + entry.Properties("memberOf")(i).ToString()) groups.Add(memberEntry.Properties("sAMAccountName")(0).ToString()) GetActiveDirectoryGroupsForEntry(memberEntry, groups) Next End SubEnd Class

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-- Initialize Control Mechanism
DECLARE@Drive TINYINT,
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-- Setup Staging Area
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WHILE @Drive <= 122
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SUM(CASE WHEN Info LIKE 'Total # of free bytes : %' THEN CAST(REPLACE(SUBSTRING(Info, 32, 48), CHAR(13), '') AS BIGINT) ELSE CAST(0 AS BIGINT) END) AS FreeBytes,
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Info
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E 12°55'05.25"
N 56°04'39.16"

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* SQL Server Edition Operating System Compatibility

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Aug 21, 2006

I have created a windows library control that accesses a local sql database

I tried the following strings for connecting

Dim connectionString As String = "Data Source=localhostSQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=TimeSheet;Trusted_Connection = true"

Dim connectionString As String = "Data Source=localhostSQLEXPRESS;Initial Catalog=TimeSheet;Integrated Security=SSPI"



I am not running the webpage in a virtual directory but in

C:Inetpubwwwrootusercontrol

and I have a simple index.html that tries to read from an sql db but throws

the error

System.Security.SecurityException: Request for the permission of type 'System.Data.SqlClient.SqlClientPermission, System.Data, Version=2.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089' failed.
at System.Security.CodeAccessSecurityEngine.Check(Object demand, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, Boolean isPermSet)
at System.Security.PermissionSet.Demand()
at System.Data.Common.DbConnectionOptions.DemandPermission()
at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection.PermissionDemand()
at System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnectionFactory.PermissionDemand(DbConnection outerConnection)
at System.Data.ProviderBase.DbConnectionClosed.OpenConnection(DbConnection outerConnection,

etc etc

The action that failed was:
Demand
The type of the first permission that failed was:
System.Data.SqlClient.SqlClientPermission
The Zone of the assembly that failed was:
Trusted


I looked into the .net config utility but it says unrestricted and I tried adding it to the trusted internet zones in ie options security

I think that a windows form connecting to a sql database running in a webpage should be simple

to configure what am I missing?

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