T-SQL (SS2K8) :: Cannot Define Primary Key Constraint On Nullable Column But Column Not Null
Sep 30, 2014
We have a database where many tables have a field that has to be lengthened. In some cases this is a primary key or part of a primary key. The table in question is:-
/****** Object: Table [dbo].[DTb_HWSQueueMonthEnd] Script Date: 09/25/2014 14:05:09 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[DTb_HWSQueueMonthEnd](
[Code] ....
The script I am using is
DECLARE@Column varchar(100)--The name of the column to change
DECLARE@size varchar(5)--The new size of the column
DECLARE @TSQL varchar(255)--Contains the code to be executed
DECLARE @Object varchar(50)--Holds the name of the table
DECLARE @dropc varchar(255)-- Drop constraint script
[Code] ....
When I the the script I get the error message Could not create constraint. See previous errors.
Looking at the strings I build
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[DTb_HWSQueueMonthEnd] DROP CONSTRAINT PK_DTb_HWSQueueMonthEnd
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[DTb_HWSQueueMonthEnd] Alter Column [Patient System Number] varchar(10)
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[DTb_HWSQueueMonthEnd] ADD CONSTRAINT PK_DTb_HWSQueueMonthEnd PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED ([Patient System Number] ASC,[Episode Number] ASC,[CensusDate] ASC)
WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, SORT_IN_TEMPDB = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ONLINE = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
They all seem fine except the last one which returns the error
Msg 8111, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
Cannot define PRIMARY KEY constraint on nullable column in table 'DTb_HWSQueueMonthEnd'.
Msg 1750, Level 16, State 0, Line 1
Could not create constraint. See previous errors.
None of the fields I try to create the key on are nullable.
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Jan 20, 2004
Cannot find an answer to this in previous posting, though there are similar topics.
My primary key "ID" requires a value (is not nullable), and not explictly providing it with one when I update a new record gives the following error:
Cannot insert the value NULL into column 'ID', table 'AdClub.mediaq.News'; column does not allow nulls. INSERT fails.
Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code.
Exception Details: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Cannot insert the value NULL into column 'ID', table 'AdClub.mediaq.News'; column does not allow nulls. INSERT fails.
However, trying to stuff that field with a recordCount+1 value (or any value), I get this error:
Violation of PRIMARY KEY constraint 'Primary Key'. Cannot insert duplicate key in object 'News'.
Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code.
Exception Details: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException: Violation of PRIMARY KEY constraint 'Primary Key'. Cannot insert duplicate key in object 'News'.
Cannot figure this one out. The value I'm providing for that field is known to be unique, but the SQL Server spits it out each time.
Is there a way to have the ID primary field automatically update with a new value when a new record is generated? This is how I used to do it in Access, but cannot find a similar feature in SQL Server. I'm sure I'm missing something simple, but right now I'm stuck in this "Catch-22" situation.
Please help!
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Jul 16, 2004
I have a producer table with a nullable column that stores SSN's. In some cases producers inherit SSN's from other producers. These records will have a null producer.ssn and a record stored in a child table to track the inheritance. Anyway, I've found two techniques to enforce uniqueness on a nullable column and wanted to get opinions as to which was better. First, write a trigger. Second, create a computed column that has a unique constraint on it. The computed column would use the SSN if not NULL Else use the PK identity value of the record. EXAMPLE DML:CREATE TABLE test ( ssn CHAR(9) NULL, testId INT identity(1,1) NOT NULL, ComputedConstraint AS CASE WHEN ssn IS NULL THEN CAST(testId AS CHAR(9)) ELSE ssn END, UNIQUE (ComputedConstraint)) Any comments would be greatly appreciated.
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Feb 29, 2008
Hello,
I am trying to recreate a primary key that I dropped in a table....
I'm using a statement like
ALTER TABLE temp WITH NOCHECK add CONSTRAINT PK__tempkey PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
num,
store
)
But apparently the "store" column was created without a "not null" and it let it create the PK during the table creation but now it won't let me add the PK with that nullable column..
Does anyone know how to get it to use that column to create a primary key after the initial table creation?
Here is the error i get
Cannot define PRIMARY KEY constraint on nullable column in table
Thanks a lot
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Jul 20, 2005
Hi allWould there be a easy way to find the column name(s) which constitutea Primary constraint for a table through navigating the systemcatalogs.I found that the PK Constraint object in syscontraints is showing thecolid = 0.TIANorman
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Jul 23, 2005
I have a case where a table has two candidate primary keys,but either (but not both) may be NULL. I don't want to storea copy of the concatenated ISNULL'ed fields as an additionalcolumn, though that would work if necessary. Instead, I triedthe following (this is a related simplified example, not myreal one):CREATE FUNCTION ApplyActionPK(@IP int = NULL,@DNS varchar(64) = NULL)RETURNS varchar(74) -- NOT NULLASBEGINdeclare @val varchar(74)set @val = str(ISNULL(@IP, 0), 10)set @val = @val + ISNULL(@DNS, '')return @val-- Also tried "return str(ISNULL(@IP, 0), 10)+ISNULL(@DNS, '')"-- Also tried "return ISNULL(STR(@IP, 10), ISNULL(@DNS, ''))"-- ... and other things...ENDGOcreate table ApplyAction(-- An action applies to a computerAct varchar(16) NOT NULL,-- The action to applyIP int NULL,-- The computer IP address, orDNS varchar(64) NULL,-- The DNS name of the computerTarget as dbo.ApplyActionPK(ComputerID, DNS), -- PK value-- Also tried "Target as ISNULL(STR(@IP, 10), ISNULL(@DNS, ''))"CONSTRAINT PK_ApplyAction PRIMARY KEY(Act, Target))SQL Server always complains that the primary key constraint cannot becreated over a nullable field - even though in no case will the 'Target'field be NULL.Please don't explain that I should store an IP address as a string.Though that would suffice for this example, it doesn't solve myactual problem (where there are four nullable fields, two of whichare FKs into other tables).What's the reason for SQL Server deciding that the value is NULLable?What's the usual way of handling such alternate PKs?Clifford Heath.
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Apr 5, 2004
Hi all,
I am trying to add a unique index/constraint on a column that allows NULL values. The column does have NULL values and when I try to create a unique constraint, I get the following error.
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX terminated because a duplicate key was found for index ID 9. Most significant primary key is '<NULL>'.
Are'nt you allowed to create a UNIQUE constraint on a NULL column? Books Online says that you are allowed to create a unique constraint on NULL columns, then why am I getting this error.
Any help would be appreciated.
Thanks,
Amir
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Apr 14, 2015
I have to populate a table of exchange rates which is easy enough however because rates are held on Fridays but I need to make calculations on weekends or holidays I need to populate the Friday rate on non weekends and holidays. I have a sample table below with null values on the weekends for the last 90 days but need a script that will show the Friday exchange rate on Saturday and Sunday
Here was my latest attempt
;with cte as
(
select currxdate, [from], [TO], CurrXRate
from dbo.CurrXchange
)
select a.CurrXDate, a.[From],a.[To]
, isnull(a.CurrXRate, b.currxrate) as 'CurrXRate'
[Code] ....
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Feb 24, 2015
I have the following tables:
tbl_Person (personID, first_name, lastname)
tbl_student (studentID)
tbl_stupar (personID, StudentID, relationship)
tbl_person_Phone (personID, phone)
I need to list all students who have both parents phone number is null. The parent relationship values 1 and 2 indicates the person is either Mom (value 2) or dad (value 1) of the student. Note: I am using student parent as an example to write my query.
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Mar 9, 2015
I have a table with hundreds of millions of records and need to update an xml column to null. I do something like this:
UPDATE [Mydb].[MySchema].[MyTable]
SET [XMLColumn] = null
Currently it is taking around 6 hours.
Is there a quicker way to do this?
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Dec 12, 2000
Is there a way to set a column nullable in a script if all I have is the column name, something like:
exec('ALTER TABLE xyz ALTER COLUMN ' + @col_name + ' NULL')
The problem is that ALTER TABLE requires the type, so you have to say something like:
exec('ALTER TABLE xyz ALTER COLUMN ' + @col_name + ' decimal(12,4) NULL')
But the data type is not given to the script, so it is stuck.
I realize that syscolumns provides some relevant information, but it is not clear how to convert its information to a string like "decimal(12,4)". It seems, for example, that a decimal type has syscolumns.xtype = 106; however I can find no documentation on this, nor am I assured I can get all the right codes by trial and error. Does anyone know of a clear means of getting this information?
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Jul 20, 2005
Hi All!I would like to have a composite PK on 3 columns, one of them is nullCREATE TABLE TableA (ColA int NOT NULL ,ColB int NOT NULL ,ColC char (3) NULL ,......)GOALTER TABLE TableA ADDCONSTRAINT TableA_PK PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED(ColA,ColB,ColC)GOSQL Server does not allow having a composite PK with one nullable column:What is wrong to have values?1,100,NULL1,200,ABC1,200,ABD.....Code in C applies to Values in B and for some values in B the code does not exist.I can work out and define a special Code:NEV(not existing value), but in general I do not understand this restriction.Thanks
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Apr 26, 2006
This is what I would like to do...
1. Alter Table Status
Add ConsiderOpenFlag int null
2. UPDATE values...
3. Alter Table Status
Alter ConsiderOpenFlag int not null
Steps 1 and 2 are easy. What I cannot figure out is step three.
I don't want to have a default on that column, though I wouldn't mind adding it and then dropping it later if it would help.
Jonathan
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Sep 20, 2007
Hi,
I have a table name bla.
PKEY id, int, NOT NULL
group, int
name, string, NOT NULL
how do I compare them with int?
for example the following data.
1, NULL, 'freelance'
2, 1, 'group1'
3, 2, 'group2'
select * from bla where group<>1 <-- this fails?
What is the proper SQL Statement for this?
Regards,
Max
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Sep 13, 2007
Hi,
Please, What s the differnce between a column that s a primary key and a column that s a "key/index with Isunique=true"?
Thanks a lot.
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May 3, 2007
I receive this message when I try to run any report. The reportserver and reportservertempdb databases were upgraded using backup/restore from SQL2000 to SQL2005 on a separate server which is running RS2005 . Please help. Thanks
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Jun 23, 2001
One more silly question,
What is an identity column? how can I define it?
table abc
=========
no (primary key) name
================ ====
1 jung
2 love
4 tom
In this example, I want to define 'no' as an identify column so that I can update it as I wish.
Thanks in advance,
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Subject:
From:
Date: sorry one more question (reply)
Kurt ()
6/23/01 2:48:32 AM
Jung,
Take a look at your table. It looks like you don't have an identity column
defined for "no" (your column name). Set Indentity_Insert doesn't work for tables that don't have one defined. PS A primary key is not the same as an Idendtity column.
------------
jung at 6/22/01 9:49:34 PM
table : abc
no (primary key) name
================ ====
1 jung
2 love
4 tom
In this record, I wanted to update no 4 to 3 which is primary key.
So, I used the query as below.
=============================
Set Identity_insert abc on
UPDATE abc
SET no = 3
WHERE no = 4
Set Identity_insert abc off
go
=============================
But I got an error;
Server: Msg 8106, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
Table 'abc' does not have the identity property. Cannot perform SET operation.
Why this happens? I really want to update the primary key.
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Jul 23, 2005
How can you indicate that a FOREIGN KEY constraint references twocolumns in two different tables?"SQL Server Books Online" show an example of how to reference twocolumns in the SAME table:REFERENCES ref_table [ ( ref_column [ ,...n ] )Here is the error and the 'bad' SQL code:Server: Msg 8148, Level 16, State 1, Line 4More than one column FOREIGN KEY constraint specified for column'UserOrGroupId', table 'salesforce3.dbo.AccountShare'.CREATE TABLE salesforce3.dbo."AccountShare" ("Id" varchar(18) PRIMARYKEY , ... , "UserOrGroupId" varchar(18) CONSTRAINTFK_UserOrGroupId6349 FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES "User"(Id) REFERENCES"Group"(Id) , ... )
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Jun 24, 2014
I have a script that loops through a series of tables to send data to a table from each of the tables. My issue is that not all tables have the columns I need in them. What I would like is to replace the column with another column when it does not exist. Something like below
Select Misisng_Column(A.Name, replace with B.Name) as Name
FROM SomeTable A
Cross Join (Select Name FROM AnotherTable) B
AnotherTable has one record in it. To avoid a Cartesian issue. Like I said just an example
In my real script the table aliased as A is from a list of tables in a sys.tables query that loops through to the end.
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Sep 3, 2015
I have an SSIS package that imports data from an Excel file, replaces any value in Excel that reads "NULL" to "", then writes the data to a couple of databases.
What I have discovered today, is I have two columns of dates, an admit date and discharge date column, and what I need to do is anywhere I have a null value in the discharge date column, I have to replace it with the value in the admit date column.
I have searched around online and tried a few things using the Replace funtion in Derived columns but no dice so far.
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Aug 20, 2014
I have a table with Million plus records. Due to Running Totals article, I have been able to calculate the Trial_Balance for all months.
Now I am trying to provide a Beginning Balance for all months and the Logic is the Beginning Balance of July would be the Trial_Balance of June. I need to be able to do this for multiple account types. So the two datasets that need to be included in logic is actindx and Calendar_Month.
For actindx of 2 and Calendar_Month of 2014-01-01The Trial_Balance_Debit is 19585.46 This would make the Beginning_Balance of actindx 2 and Calendar_Month of 2014-02-01 19585.46
I am trying to do some type of self join, but not sure how to include each actindx number differently.
Table creation and data insert is below.
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
SET ANSI_PADDING ON
GO
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[TrialBalance](
[Trial_Balance_ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[Code] ....
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Dec 13, 2007
Hmm,
I'm creating a table that contains information from two other tables. I'd like to have a constraint on some columns so that thay can only contain information that exists in the other two tables. This is what I got:
create table dbo.KUSE_Bills
(
SERVICE_ID int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL primary key,
BILLDATE datetime NOT NULL,
CNAME varchar(100) NOT NULL,
SNAME varchar(100) NOT NULL,
PRICE money NOT NULL,
UNIT varchar(50) NOT NULL,
NUMBER integer NOT NULL,
BILLSUM money NOT NULL
)
GO
I tried something like this:
create table dbo.KUSE_Bills
(
SERVICE_ID int IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL primary key,
BILLDATE datetime NOT NULL,
CNAME varchar(100) NOT NULL,
SNAME varchar(100) NOT NULL,
PRICE money NOT NULL,
UNIT varchar(50) NOT NULL,
NUMBER integer NOT NULL,
BILLSUM money NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT chk_cname CHECK (CNAME NOT IN (
SELECT CNAME FROM KUSE_Customer))
)
GO
But subqueries are not allowed...
So how can I do it?
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Apr 13, 2012
I have a requirement where one column of a table is supposed to have two foreign key constraints i.e. it can be referring to two different columns in two tables.
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Jun 6, 2008
I like to use the management console to design tables, but have
been unable to figure out how to add a unique column constraint.
I have a primary key defined in col1 and want to make col2, char(10),
unique, but keep col1 as the primary key.
I have tried the Check constraint menu path, but do not know how
to write the expression.
If I go along the Indexes/Key path, I am forced to change the primary
key which I do not want to do.
Can anyone help?
TIA, Joe
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Sep 25, 2007
Hello !
I am using Microsoft SQL Server 2000
I am trying to drop a column that has a constraint, executing the script inside a transaction:
BEGIN TRANSACTION
ALTER TABLE MOPTeste DROP CONSTRAINT FK_IDMOPPais
ALTER TABLE MOPTeste DROP COLUMN IDMOPPais
COMMIT
If i dont commit the drop constraint, it wont let me drop the column
Solutions?
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Nov 10, 2014
I recently ran into an issue with an issue with a query against our Data Warehouse. When attempting to sum revenue from a table, and using a WHERE clause on a field that contains NULL values, the records with the NULL values are suppressed (in addition to whatever the WHERE clause specified). I believe this is because a NULL value is unknown so SQL doesn't know if it does or doesn't fit the criteria of there WHERE clause so it is suppressed.
That being said, is there a way to avoid this instead of having to add an ISNULL function in the WHERE clause which is going to kill performance?
Code:
create table #nullTest (
name varchar(50)
,revenue int)
INSERT INTO #nullTest
Values ('Tim',100)
,('Andrew', 50)
,(null, 200)
SELECT sum(revenue) as Revenue FROM #nulltest WHERE name <> 'tim'
Ideally, I would want the SELECT statement above to return 250, not 50. The only way I can think to accomplish this is with this query:
Code:
SELECT sum(revenue) as Revenue FROM #nullTest WHERE isnull(name,'') <> 'tim'
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Aug 31, 2000
I receive the following error when creating a CHECK constraint that references another column. According to the good old Wrox SQL Server book, I'm using the correct syntax. Anyone have any ideas???
Thanks in advance!
Server: Msg 8141, Level 16, State 1, Line 1
Column CHECK constraint for column 'end_date' references another column, table 'Session'.
Here's an example of the script that I'm using:
CREATE TABLE Session (
session_key char(18) NOT NULL,
course_key char(18) NOT NULL,
site_key char(18) NOT NULL,
instructor_key char(18) NOT NULL,
start_date smalldatetime NULL,
end_date smalldatetime NULL
CHECK (end_date >= start_date)
)
.
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Aug 18, 1999
How do I alter a column check constraint?
I have the table:
CREATE TABLE Mytable(
mykey integer,
mycol integer
CHECK(mycol BETWEEN 1 AND 2)
PRIMARY KEY(mykey))
How do I change the constraint to
CHECK(mycol BETWEEN 0 AND 2)
...without losing any data?
Thanks!
Jim
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Feb 23, 2007
Hi.
I was wondering how I should go about doing this thing. I need to put a value in a column that is based on values on other columns in the same row.
When this statement executes I need to put a value in Col3.
insert into myTable(Col1, Col2)
values(25, -14)
Something like so:
if(Col1 >0 AND Col2 <0)
set Col3 = Col1 - Col2
else
set Col3 = Col1;
I don't now quite how to solve this. I am really going to need this value in a column. Calculating the value at retrieval is not on option...
I appreciate all help. I'm using SQL Server 2005.
Thanks!
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Dec 7, 2001
I can't seem to get the syntax correct for ALTERing an existing column with a default constraint. I've been to Help and BOL. There are examples that show how to use the ALTER command to add a column with a default constraint but not how to do it on an existing column.
Any help would be appreciated.
Sidney Ives
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Jun 6, 2007
Can anyone please tell me how can i create a uniqueness contraint on part of column and index that part too. i.e.
consider the following table.
table A
Col1
furadfaf
fsradfasd
dddafadsf
hjfhdfjakdj
now i want only left three characters of the Col1 to be unique and indexed.
any idea ??????
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Jan 21, 2008
What do you guys think about creating a unique constraint on a string column in a database?
Currently, I'm enforcing uniqueness through the stored procedure that inserts rows into the table. E.g.
PROCEDURE addRow( name )
DECLARE r INT;
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO r FROM foo WHERE foo.foo_name = name;
IF r = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO foo (foo_name) values(name);
ELSE
// Not unique throw an error
END PROCEDURE
What do you guys think?
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Mar 17, 2004
I am importing data from a flat, comma delimited text file. It appears to properly import all the records and then on the last record it give me the error
INSERT statement conflicted with COLUMN FOREIGN KEY constraint for 'EOR_ITE_REF_EOR'.
Then it goes on to tell me the database, table and column in which the problem occured which is the first column in the table. It looks like it doesn't like the end of the file for some reason (EOR, end of record?) so I tried deleting the last record from the file and it still does it. I do have a file that I have imported that worked so I tried copying the last record of that file and pasting it into the last record of the file I wanted but that did not work either. The ends of file that works and the file that doesn't work look the same and I can find nothing on 'EOR_ITE_REF_EOR'. Any help would be appreciated.
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