Transact SQL :: Simple Trigger To Audit Who When Is Changing A Specific Column
Jul 6, 2015
I need a trigger to know who and when a char(1) column is changed. Would like to write the audit trail to its own table I can query and record before and after values.
DDL:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Test](
[Customer] [varchar](12) NULL,
[Active] [char](1) NULL DEFAULT ('N') --Must use char 1 b/c more than 2 possible values
)
Insert into Test (Customer, Active) Values ('Acme','Y')..I want trigger to tell me whowhenwhere this value was changed. If using sql auth capture client windows id if possible and write to audit table Update Test set Active = 'N'
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Mar 30, 2015
Currently I am using SQL server 2012 and would like to implement database audit specification on specific users in my database. These are the users in my database name Payroll :-
PayrollAndy.Bred - db_owner
PayrollArpit.Shah - db_owner
Payrollwebapp - db_datareader, db_datawriter, EXECUTE
web_payroll - db_datareader, db_datawriter, EXECUTE
In my database audit specification settings, I would like to capture any SELECT,UPDATE,DELETE and EXECUTE command for users PayrollAndy.Bred & PayrollArpit.Shah only since they owned db_owner access. However, I am unable to capture any single command from both users. I do not want to put 'Principal' as public since I just want to capture both users activity.
Is it I miss out anything? Is it because of windows login account?
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May 23, 2015
I need to select specific values from all rows where the value of a specific column is "Active"
This part works: SELECT LastName, FirstName, MiddleInit, ClientId FROM dbo.Client
But I want to add: WHERE StatusType = (Active) and how to do this.
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Oct 14, 2015
How to set ddl triggers for specific tables, instead of on entire database.
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Jan 23, 2008
Hi,
I have a trigger set on TABLE1 so that any update to this column should set off trigger to write to the AUDIT log table, it works fine otherwise but not the very first time when table1 has null in the column. if i comment out
and i.req_fname <> d.req_fname from the where clause then it works fine the first time too. Seems like null value of the column is messing things up
Any thoughts?
Here is my t-sql
Insert into dbo.AUDIT (audit_req, audit_new_value, audit_field, audit_user)
select i.req_guid, i.req_fname, 'req_fname', IsNull(i.req_last_update_user,@default_user) as username from inserted i, deleted d
where i.req_guid = d.req_guid
and i.req_fname <> d.req_fname
Thanks,
leo
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Jun 10, 2015
I have to extract a specific part of a string from a column in a sql server table. Following are the details and I have given the sample table and the sample strings.
I have 2 columns in my table [dbo].[StringExtract] (Id, MyString)
The row sample looks like the following
I have to extract the Id and a part of the column from mystring.
Id MyString
1 ABC|^~&|BNAME|CLIENT1||CLIENT1|20110609233558||BIC^A27|5014589635|K|8.1|
ABC1|^~&|BNAME1|CLIENT1||CLIENT1|20110609233558||CTP^A27|5014589635|I|7.1|
DEF||5148956598||||Apprised|Bfunction1||15|LMP|^^^201106101330|
alloys3^ally^crimson^L||||alloys3^ally^crimson^L||||alloys3^ally^crimson^L|||||Apprised|
[Code] ....
The part I want to extract is in the line "ZZZ" and the string part that i want to extract is between the 5th and 6th pipes (|). So my output looks like the following
Id DesiredString
1 Extracts^This^String1
2 Extracts^This^String2
3 Extracts^This^String3
Is there a way to extract this either using TSQL or SSIS.
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[StringExtract]') AND type in (N'U'))
DROP TABLE [dbo].[StringExtract]
GO
IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[StringExtract]') AND type in (N'U'))
BEGIN
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[StringExtract](
[Id] [int] NULL,
[Code] ....
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Aug 1, 2015
i have table that has rows as below
DECLARE @Table TABLE
(minv_code INT,
alert_msg varchar(10),
alert_time Datetime)
[code]...
i want to select the data priority wise. the o/p should look like
e.g first row - 873939, 'Meter', '7/24/2015 3:31:22'
second row - 873939, 'Tamper', '7/24/2015 3:30:00'
third row - 873939, 'Reverse', '7/24/2015 3:31:18'
fourth row -873940, 'Tamper', '7/24/2015 3:31:22'
fifth row - 873940, 'Reverse', '7/24/2015 3:30:00'
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Nov 7, 2006
Hello,i have a table and if a record is inserted i will test a numeric valuein this table. If the this value is greather as 1 million, than anstatus column should be changed from 'A' to 'B'.Yes and sorry, this is a newbie question.On Oracle this work simple:create trigger myTrigger on tableXasbeginif :old.x 100000 then:new.y:='B'end if;end;ThanksMaik
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Dec 5, 2006
This Audit Trigger is Generic (i.e. non-"Table Specific") attach it to any tabel and it should work. Be sure and create the 'Audit' table first though.
The following code write audit entries to a Table called
'Audit'
with columns
'ActionType' //varchar
'TableName' //varchar
'PK' //varchar
'FieldName' //varchar
'OldValue' //varchar
'NewValue' //varchar
'ChangeDateTime' //datetime
'ChangeBy' //varchar
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server;
public partial class Triggers
{
//A Generic Trigger for Insert, Update and Delete Actions on any Table
[Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.SqlTrigger(Name = "AuditTrigger", Event = "FOR INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE")]
public static void AuditTrigger()
{
SqlTriggerContext tcontext = SqlContext.TriggerContext; //Trigger Context
string TName; //Where we store the Altered Table's Name
string User; //Where we will store the Database Username
DataRow iRow; //DataRow to hold the inserted values
DataRow dRow; //DataRow to how the deleted/overwritten values
DataRow aRow; //Audit DataRow to build our Audit entry with
string PKString; //Will temporarily store the Primary Key Column Names and Values here
using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("context connection=true"))//Our Connection
{
conn.Open();//Open the Connection
//Build the AuditAdapter and Mathcing Table
SqlDataAdapter AuditAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Audit WHERE 1=0", conn);
DataTable AuditTable = new DataTable();
AuditAdapter.FillSchema(AuditTable, SchemaType.Source);
SqlCommandBuilder AuditCommandBuilder = new SqlCommandBuilder(AuditAdapter);//Populates the Insert command for us
//Get the inserted values
SqlDataAdapter Loader = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * from INSERTED", conn);
DataTable inserted = new DataTable();
Loader.Fill(inserted);
//Get the deleted and/or overwritten values
Loader.SelectCommand.CommandText = "SELECT * from DELETED";
DataTable deleted = new DataTable();
Loader.Fill(deleted);
//Retrieve the Name of the Table that currently has a lock from the executing command(i.e. the one that caused this trigger to fire)
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("SELECT object_name(resource_associated_entity_id) FROM
ys.dm_tran_locks WHERE request_session_id = @@spid and resource_type = 'OBJECT'", conn);
TName = cmd.ExecuteScalar().ToString();
//Retrieve the UserName of the current Database User
SqlCommand curUserCommand = new SqlCommand("SELECT system_user", conn);
User = curUserCommand.ExecuteScalar().ToString();
//Adapted the following command from a T-SQL audit trigger by Nigel Rivett
//http://www.nigelrivett.net/AuditTrailTrigger.html
SqlDataAdapter PKTableAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(@"SELECT c.COLUMN_NAME
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS pk ,
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE c
where pk.TABLE_NAME = '" + TName + @"'
and CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
and c.TABLE_NAME = pk.TABLE_NAME
and c.CONSTRAINT_NAME = pk.CONSTRAINT_NAME", conn);
DataTable PKTable = new DataTable();
PKTableAdapter.Fill(PKTable);
switch (tcontext.TriggerAction)//Switch on the Action occuring on the Table
{
case TriggerAction.Update:
iRow = inserted.Rows[0];//Get the inserted values in row form
dRow = deleted.Rows[0];//Get the overwritten values in row form
PKString = PKStringBuilder(PKTable, iRow);//the the Primary Keys and There values as a string
foreach (DataColumn column in inserted.Columns)//Walk through all possible Table Columns
{
if (!iRow[column.Ordinal].Equals(dRow[column.Ordinal]))//If value changed
{
//Build an Audit Entry
aRow = AuditTable.NewRow();
aRow["ActionType"] = "U";//U for Update
aRow["TableName"] = TName;
aRow["PK"] = PKString;
aRow["FieldName"] = column.ColumnName;
aRow["OldValue"] = dRow[column.Ordinal].ToString();
aRow["NewValue"] = iRow[column.Ordinal].ToString();
aRow["ChangeDateTime"] = DateTime.Now.ToString();
aRow["ChangedBy"] = User;
AuditTable.Rows.InsertAt(aRow, 0);//Insert the entry
}
}
break;
case TriggerAction.Insert:
iRow = inserted.Rows[0];
PKString = PKStringBuilder(PKTable, iRow);
foreach (DataColumn column in inserted.Columns)
{
//Build an Audit Entry
aRow = AuditTable.NewRow();
aRow["ActionType"] = "I";//I for Insert
aRow["TableName"] = TName;
aRow["PK"] = PKString;
aRow["FieldName"] = column.ColumnName;
aRow["OldValue"] = null;
aRow["NewValue"] = iRow[column.Ordinal].ToString();
aRow["ChangeDateTime"] = DateTime.Now.ToString();
aRow["ChangedBy"] = User;
AuditTable.Rows.InsertAt(aRow, 0);//Insert the Entry
}
break;
case TriggerAction.Delete:
dRow = deleted.Rows[0];
PKString = PKStringBuilder(PKTable, dRow);
foreach (DataColumn column in inserted.Columns)
{
//Build and Audit Entry
aRow = AuditTable.NewRow();
aRow["ActionType"] = "D";//D for Delete
aRow["TableName"] = TName;
aRow["PK"] = PKString;
aRow["FieldName"] = column.ColumnName;
aRow["OldValue"] = dRow[column.Ordinal].ToString();
aRow["NewValue"] = null;
aRow["ChangeDateTime"] = DateTime.Now.ToString();
aRow["ChangedBy"] = User;
AuditTable.Rows.InsertAt(aRow, 0);//Insert the Entry
}
break;
default:
//Do Nothing
break;
}
AuditAdapter.Update(AuditTable);//Write all Audit Entries back to AuditTable
conn.Close(); //Close the Connection
}
}
//Helper function that takes a Table of the Primary Key Column Names and the modified rows Values
//and builds a string of the form "<PKColumn1Name=Value1>,PKColumn2Name=Value2>,......"
public static string PKStringBuilder(DataTable primaryKeysTable, DataRow valuesDataRow)
{
string temp = String.Empty;
foreach (DataRow kColumn in primaryKeysTable.Rows)//for all Primary Keys of the Table that is being changed
{
temp = String.Concat(temp, String.Concat("<", kColumn[0].ToString(), "=", valuesDataRow[kColumn[0].ToString)].ToString(), ">,"));
}
return temp;
}
}
The trick was getting the Table Name and the Primary Key Columns.
I hope this code is found useful.
Comments and Suggestion will be much appreciated.
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Sep 21, 2006
Hello,
I have a problem. I suspect a certain user in my company is using the SA account to log into Databases and run queries(query analyzer) to gather information this user is not suppose to view. The problem I have is this is an IT person so they know the SA password. How can I log specific or all queries run against all databases/tables/fields to find out exactly what this person is doing/seeing? Or if there is an alternative to find out this information?
Please advise?
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Nov 21, 2015
I am new in sql server. I am using TSQL2012 database. I have added a new column in processedOrderCount in Hr.Employees table. And created a trigger on Sales.Orders table that whenever orderId is updated it automatically updated processedOrderCount in Hr.Employees. There is a problem that the orderId is the identity column I can't update it. How can we work with identity column? the code of my trigger is:
If Object_id ('Sales.trig_Calculate_OrderProcessed', 'tr') is not null
Drop Trigger Sales.trig_Calculate_OrderProcessed
go
Create Trigger Sales.trig_Calculate_OrderProcessed
ON Sales.Orders
[Code] ....
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Oct 20, 2015
We have to encrypt one of the SQL Server column data at the database level, we don’t want to modify the application programs, because we use ERP application and we don’t want to reapply our customization very few months, so we are looking for an option to encrypt and decrypt the column level data value using trigger/procedure/function, I used instead of trigger on that table to encrypt and decrypt the values but it is not working, we want only one user(Application Service account) have an ability to encrypt and decrypt the data, not for any other id.. I read somewhere we cannot automatically encrypt/decrypt the column value using trigger, is that true...
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Feb 28, 2008
Hi, anyone have links i can go to about audit trail?i have been on the internet an the example are confusing.
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Jun 5, 2007
hi, im kinda new to sql and was just wondering if someone could help.
i need to create a trigger that saves all changes from a table(table1) to an audit table.
-table1-
item_code
item_price
item_description
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Oct 26, 2007
I wont to get text of statement which chaged actual table.
with this script :
Code Block
if object_id('dbo.mytable') is not null drop table dbo.mytable
go
create table dbo.mytable (f1 varchar(100))
go
alter trigger dbo.ti_mytable on dbo.mytable for insert
as
set nocount on
print 'in trigger'
DECLARE @sql_handle binary(20)
select @sql_handle = sql_handle FROM master.dbo.sysprocesses p (nolock) where spid = @@spid
select @sql_handle, @@spid, [text] FROM ::fn_get_sql(@sql_handle) as statement_text
GO
if I execute
Code Block
insert into mytable values ('test')
I getting text of the trigger. How I can get @sql_handle of original statement ?
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Nov 2, 2004
I need to create a simple audit trigger for a table with 12 columns. I need to determine which row was changed. Is there a simple way to do that. The table structure is
ID Integer(4)
barcode(25)
epc_tag(24)
bc_stop_flag(1)
reject_flag(1)
complete_flag(1)
hold_flag(1)
pe_1_flag
pe_2_flag
pe_3_flag
pe_4_flag
pe_5_flag
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May 29, 2006
I have a trigger on my Table (MyTable). The Trigger saves any changes to mytable. The AuditTrails table has this columns: ID, TableName,PrimaryKey, OLDvalue, NewValue,UserID,DateCreated.
Now, how can i pass the application's UserID (Not the SQL Server User) and save it to the AuditTrails table?
In my .NET Application, if someone delete a record from myTable how can i possibly get the userid of that person using my Audit trail Trigger?
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Jan 21, 2008
Hi all,
I'm trying to create a audit trail trigger. I'm new to SQL Server. For simplicity sake, let's just say I have a table like the following:
Table1
FieldA
FieldB
And the audit table is:
Table1_Audit
FieldA
FieldB
Operation (Insert/Update/Delete)
Operator (Username)
Op_Date (GetDate())
Ok, simple enough. Now, I'm using Studio Express and there are several templates available. By default this is the one I get:
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
CREATE TRIGGER <Schema_Name, sysname, Schema_Name>.<Trigger_Name, sysname, Trigger_Name>
ON <Schema_Name, sysname, Schema_Name>.<Table_Name, sysname, Table_Name>
AFTER <Data_Modification_Statements, , INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE>
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
-- Insert statements for trigger here
END
GO
Not sure if I need all of this information? Examples I've found on the web look very confusing...ugh. I looking for simple (if possible).
Many thanks in advance,
Mark
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Oct 14, 1999
Greetings
I'm clear about the use of a DELETE trigger to "move" your deleted record to a second database as a sort of recycle bin.
But SS7 has the limitation, and it's mentioned in BOL, that it cannot reference your TEXT, NTEXT or IMAGE fields in the DELETED table. It says to join the original table with DELETED to get at those fields.
The only problem is the original table's record has been deleted! Even though the transaction has not yet been COMMITTED.
Here's my Trigger:
CREATE TRIGGER AuditTest ON Activity FOR DELETE AS
INSERT AuditDB.dbo.Activity
SELECT Activity.* FROM Activity INNER JOIN Deleted
ON Activity.ActivityID = Deleted.ActivityID
And for discussion, here's my Table:
ActivityID uniqueidentifier
OrgId uniqueidentifier
Title varchar(600
Active bit
Comments text
LastUpdate datetime
Any suggestions? Has anyone been able to implement a DELETE Audit
Trigger on a table with BLOBs?
Thanks,
-Rich
Richard Hundhausen
Stuttgart, Germany
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Dec 7, 2011
I have a requirement to audit tables in a SQL Server database. The tables are dynamically created when the application creates a form and the table holds the form data. So my plan is this, I have worked out the audit table (static) and the trigger. What i'm having issues with is getting the trigger to create from within the stored procedure. So just to recap: the user creates a form in the app, this creates a table and should call this stored procedure. The stored procedure creates the trigger on that table (which begins auditing that table, inserting to the static audit table based on the table name being passed into the stored procedure).
Where im at: I can create the stored procedure. When i go to run the stored procedure, I get the errors after passing the table as a value.
In my opinion it's an error with the correct number of single ticks, but not sure.
The Code:
USE [AdventureWorks]
GO
/****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[spReplaceAuditTrigger] Script Date: 12/06/2011 15:28:50 ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO
ALTER PROC spReplaceAuditTrigger( @PassedTableName as NVarchar(255) ) AS
[code].....
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Nov 26, 2007
Hi,
I am trying to figure out which of these option is best suited for auditing. Although each one of them has its own pros/cons.
CLR trigger is easy to write and can be made generic so that it fits for any table required to be audited.
I tried both the option in test database and i found the CLR trigger performed poorly.
Results were :
For table A (3 columns) with TSQL trigger took less than a sec for 2500 sequential inserts.
While table B (3 columns) having same structure with CLR trigger took more than 20 sec for 2500 sequential inserts.
Has anybody done performance comparision of this 2 approaches ?
Please share results if any.
I wanted to validate that is my findings correct so that i select best optimized approach.
Thanks,
Jignesh
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Jan 24, 2001
I have a update trigger on a table which fires trapping the userid and time in the same record. The code is below. The tirgger only works if I have the recursive triggers option unchecked on databae properties. Is the way I am trying the only way to accomplish this in the update trigger or is there an more efficient way. Thanks
CREATE trigger tr_cmsUpdt_MARS on dbo.PATIENT_MEDICATION_DISPERSAL_ for UPDATE as
-- updates record with sql user and timestamp
--created 11-28-00 tim cronin
DECLARE @muser varchar(35),
@rec_lock_status int,
@ptacpt_status int
set @muser = current_user
begin
UPDATE PATIENT_MEDICATION_DISPERSAL_
set MODIFIED_BY = @muser,
MODIFIED_TS = getdate()
from deleted dt
WHERE PATIENT_MEDICATION_DISPERSAL_.RECORD_ID = dt.RECORD_ID
end
GO
SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER OFF SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO
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Aug 30, 2013
The following is the trigger which create a row in the audit table when a single deletion is occurred.
ALTER TRIGGER [dbo].[TRG_Delete_tbl_attendance]
ON [dbo].[tbl_attendance]
AFTER DELETE
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
[code]....
I am trying to create a trigger which should prevent the bulk deletion. The following is the trigger which I have written, it is preventing the bulk deletion. But the problem is, it is removing the single deletion entries in the audit table. I want audit table to hold back the single deletion entries without allowing the bult deletion
ALTER TRIGGER [dbo].[TRG_Delete_Bulk_tbl_attendance]
ON [dbo].[tbl_attendance]
AFTER DELETE
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
[code]....
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Aug 31, 2005
Kairn writes "I have created a table and imported data from another table to it. I need to update the existing data with values from another import but only need specific columns and am assuming a stored procedure is the way to go...IF I create a source table as well as destination(?). I have to compare the value in 6 columns to find the matching record in the destination, then update 5 of the other columns where source=dest. Finally, I need to sum, by row, the value in 3 of the columns and update another column to reflect it. All rows are unique in the destination. The source is a duplicate of them. Basically, the rows are identical aside from the values in the columns I want transferred. The rows must remain unique. I am a newbie and have no idea how to do this. Would you please submit a basic outline and I can fill in the rest?
Thank-you very much for your time and expertise,
Kairn"
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Jun 8, 2015
I want to trace user activity on each page. How can we achieve this.
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Aug 25, 2015
writing a T_SQL query for the following scenario..I have a SQL DB Audit file that gets populated with data as the activity on DB goes on.I have multiple monthly tables setup that the import should go into these monthly tables based on the event_time value in the SQL DB Audit file.all the data Like event_time '2015-08-25 15:59:39.033' should go to SQL table Audit_tbl_Aug2015 Query for reading SQLDB Audit file
SELECT * FROM sys.fn_get_audit_file ('C:ackupAudit*',default,default)
order by event_time desc
GO
--DML for Audit table CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Audit_tbl_Aug2015]( [id] [bigint] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [event_time] [datetime2](7) NOT NULL, [sequence_number] [int] NULL, [action_id] [varchar](4) NULL, [succeeded] [bit] NOT NULL, [permission_bitmask] [bigint] NOT NULL, [is_column_permission] [bit] NOT NULL, [session_id] [smallint] NOT NULL, [server_principal_id] [int] NULL, [database_principal_id] [int]
[code]...
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Jun 26, 2002
Hi,
What is the impact of changing the recovery mode of a database from Full to simple? The client I am at has set their database to full recovery mode, set their log files to grow automatically. But I don't think they have ever done a backup of their transaction log (it has grown to over 19Gig, where the data portion of the database is only around 400M).
What is the impact of truncating the transaction log now? After truncating it, i would like to shrink the file to a managable number and change the recovery mode to simple (they don't need transaction log backups)
Any info on this would be appreciated.
Thanks in advance
Jim
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Jul 26, 2004
I have a dilema, I need to have a delete trigger enabled to track user deletes to update an external history table. However, when the posting process runs for the table for which the delete trigger runs, all the records from that table are deleted. Th end result is that instead of capturing the specific deletes, it shows all recods being deleted. I know you can disable foreign keys and triggers as a whole, can you do it for specific triggers?
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Aug 25, 2006
Hi!I use SQL Server Express 2005 and would like that a trigger is fired automatically at a specific time. I have been developing a game which has a lot of periods with a start date and an end date. Every time a periode is finished the trigger should add new records for the next periode. The dates of the periodes are already setted at the beginning of the game. For example:periode startdate enddate1 23.08.2006, 15:00 24.08.2006, 17:002 24.08 .2006, 17:00 25.08.2006, 08:00and so onCan anyone help me how to do this? Thanks!
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May 2, 2007
I have a table where I want to prevent user from deleting or setting a flag on a field to "y" with a database trigger (sql 2000). I understand the trigger for just one (stopping the delete, or stopping the field being changed to "y"). Should I have 2 seperate triggers or would there be a way to handle both.
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Jan 11, 2008
Do triggers work on the field level or only for full table updates, etc...?
I want to have a trigger that will change a field on another table based on the update of a specific field on a table.
Could anyone provide a sample please, if this is possible?
Thank you!
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Mar 31, 2008
Currently running Sql Server 2005Is it possible to issue the delete command and capture the affected rows asxml types that will be stored in an audit table with an xml column?Something along the lines of:delete from source_tableoutput(deleted.*into audit_table (xml_audit_column)for xml auto)where source_table.column = @delete_value
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Nov 13, 2015
I have table with below scheme
Year Month Day RELH
------ -------- ------ -------
1973 4 1 50
...... etc
1973 4 30 20
.....etc
1974 5 1 50
....etc
1974 5 30 99
I need to get years where average of RELH of months within year meet
Month 4 Average(RELH) > 33 and
Month 5 Average(RELH) > 60 and
Month 6 Average(RELH) < 33
How can I achieve this?
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