Trigger Related Question
Dec 3, 2004
Hi all,
Can a table be created within a trigger? I looked in books online and found the list of transact-sql statements that are not allowed in a trigger. Create table is not one of them, so I assume that it can be done within a trigger. Correct? Thanks for your help.
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Mar 20, 2008
Hi thanks for looking at my question
Using sqlServer management studio 2005
My Tables are something like this:
--Table 1 "Employee"
CREATE TABLE [MyCompany].[Employee](
[EmployeeGID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[BranchFID] [int] NOT NULL,
[FirstName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[MiddleName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[LastName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Employee] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[EmployeeGID]
)
GO
ALTER TABLE [MyCompany].[Employee]
WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_BranchFID]
FOREIGN KEY([BranchFID])
REFERENCES [myCompany].[Branch] ([BranchGID])
GO
ALTER TABLE [MyCompany].[Employee] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_Employee_BranchFID]
-- Table 2 "Branch"
CREATE TABLE [Mycompany].[Branch](
[BranchGID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[BranchName] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[City] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
[ManagerFID] [int] NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_Branch] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[BranchGID]
)
GO
ALTER TABLE [MyCompany].[Branch]
WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_Branch_ManagerFID]
FOREIGN KEY([ManagerFID])
REFERENCES [MyCompany].[Employee] ([EmployeeGID])
GO
ALTER TABLE [MyCompany].[Branch]
CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_Branch_ManagerFID]
--Foreign IDs = FID
--generated IDs = GID
Then I try a simple single row DELETE
DELETE FROM MyCompany.Employee
WHERE EmployeeGID= 39
Well this might look like a very basic error:
I get this Error after trying to delete something from Table €œEmployee€?
The DELETE statement conflicted with the
REFERENCE constraint "FK_Branch_ManagerFID".
The conflict occurred in database "MyDatabase",
table "myCompany.Branch", column 'ManagerFID'.
Yes what I€™ve been doing is to deactivate the foreign key constraint, in both tables when performing these kinds of operations, same thing if I try to delete a €œBranch€? entry, basically each entry in €œbranch€? and €œEmployee€? is child of each other which makes things more complicated.
My question is, is there a simple way to overcome this obstacle without having to deactivate the foreign key constraints every time or a good way to prevent this from happening in the first place? Is this when I have to use €œON DELETE CASCADE€? or something?
Thanks
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Nov 14, 2006
Hey,
I'm new to this whole SQL Server 2005 thing as well as database design and I've read up on various ways I can integrate business constraints into my database. I'm not sure which way applies to me, but I could use a helping hand in the right direction.
A quick explanation of the various tables I'm dealing with:
WBS - the Work Breakdown Structure, for example: A - Widget 1, AA - Widget 1 Subsystem 1, and etc.
Impacts - the Risk or Opportunity impacts for the weights of a part/assembly. (See Assemblies have Impacts below)
Allocations - the review of the product in question, say Widget 1, in terms of various weight totals, including all parts. Example - September allocation, Initial Demo allocation, etc. Mostly used for weight history and trending
Parts - There are hundreds of Parts which will eventually lead to thousands. Each part has a WBS element. [Seems redundant, but parts are managed in-house, and WBS elements are cross-company and issued by the Government]
Parts have Allocations - For weight history and trending (see Allocations). Example, Nut 17 can have a September 1st allocation, a September 5th allocation, etc.
Assemblies - Parts are assemblies by themselves and can belong to multiple assemblies. Now, there can be multiple parts on a product, say, an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV), and so those parts can belong to a higher "assembly" [For example, there can be 3 Nut 17's (lower assembly) on Widget 1 Subsystem 2 (higher assembly) and 4 more on Widget 1 Subsystem 5, etc.]. What I'm concerned about is ensuring that the weight roll-ups are accurate for all of the assemblies.
Assemblies have Impacts - There is a risk and opportunity impact setup modeled into this design to allow for a risk or opportunity to be marked on a per-assembly level. That's all this table represents.
A part is allocated a weight and then assigned to an assembly. The Assemblies table holds this hierarchical information - the lower assembly and the higher one, both of which are Parts entries in the [Parts have Allocations] table.
Therefore, to ensure proper weight roll ups in the [Parts have Allocations] table on a per part-basis, I would like to check for any inserts, updates, deletes on both the [Parts have Allocations] table as well as the [Assemblies] table and then re-calculate the weight roll up for every assembly. Now, I'm not sure if this is a huge performance hog, but I do need to keep all the information as up-to-date and as accurate as possible. As such, I'm not sure which method is even correct, although it seems an AFTER DML trigger is in order (from what I've gathered thus far). Keep in mind, this trigger needs to go through and check every WBS or Part and then go through and check all of it's associated assemblies and then ensure the weights are correct by re-summing the weights listed.
If you need the design or create script (table layout), please let me know.
Thanks.
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Jul 20, 2005
Are there any limitations or gotchas to updating the same table whichfired a trigger from within the trigger?Some example code below. Hmmm.... This example seems to be workingfine so it must be something with my specific schema/code. We'reworking on running a SQL trace but if anybody has any input, fireaway.Thanks!create table x(Id int,Account varchar(25),Info int)GOinsert into x values ( 1, 'Smith', 15);insert into x values ( 2, 'SmithX', 25);/* Update trigger tu_x for table x */create trigger tu_xon xfor updateasbegindeclare @TriggerRowCount intset @TriggerRowCount = @@ROWCOUNTif ( @TriggerRowCount = 0 )returnif ( @TriggerRowCount > 1 )beginraiserror( 'tu_x: @@ROWCOUNT[%d] Trigger does not handle @@ROWCOUNT[color=blue]> 1 !', 17, 127, @TriggerRowCount) with seterror, nowait[/color]returnendupdate xsetAccount = left( i.Account, 24) + 'X',Info = i.Infofrom deleted, inserted iwhere x.Account = left( deleted.Account, 24) + 'X'endupdate x set Account = 'Blair', Info = 999 where Account = 'Smith'
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Dec 5, 2006
This Audit Trigger is Generic (i.e. non-"Table Specific") attach it to any tabel and it should work. Be sure and create the 'Audit' table first though.
The following code write audit entries to a Table called
'Audit'
with columns
'ActionType' //varchar
'TableName' //varchar
'PK' //varchar
'FieldName' //varchar
'OldValue' //varchar
'NewValue' //varchar
'ChangeDateTime' //datetime
'ChangeBy' //varchar
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Server;
public partial class Triggers
{
//A Generic Trigger for Insert, Update and Delete Actions on any Table
[Microsoft.SqlServer.Server.SqlTrigger(Name = "AuditTrigger", Event = "FOR INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE")]
public static void AuditTrigger()
{
SqlTriggerContext tcontext = SqlContext.TriggerContext; //Trigger Context
string TName; //Where we store the Altered Table's Name
string User; //Where we will store the Database Username
DataRow iRow; //DataRow to hold the inserted values
DataRow dRow; //DataRow to how the deleted/overwritten values
DataRow aRow; //Audit DataRow to build our Audit entry with
string PKString; //Will temporarily store the Primary Key Column Names and Values here
using (SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection("context connection=true"))//Our Connection
{
conn.Open();//Open the Connection
//Build the AuditAdapter and Mathcing Table
SqlDataAdapter AuditAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM Audit WHERE 1=0", conn);
DataTable AuditTable = new DataTable();
AuditAdapter.FillSchema(AuditTable, SchemaType.Source);
SqlCommandBuilder AuditCommandBuilder = new SqlCommandBuilder(AuditAdapter);//Populates the Insert command for us
//Get the inserted values
SqlDataAdapter Loader = new SqlDataAdapter("SELECT * from INSERTED", conn);
DataTable inserted = new DataTable();
Loader.Fill(inserted);
//Get the deleted and/or overwritten values
Loader.SelectCommand.CommandText = "SELECT * from DELETED";
DataTable deleted = new DataTable();
Loader.Fill(deleted);
//Retrieve the Name of the Table that currently has a lock from the executing command(i.e. the one that caused this trigger to fire)
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("SELECT object_name(resource_associated_entity_id) FROM
ys.dm_tran_locks WHERE request_session_id = @@spid and resource_type = 'OBJECT'", conn);
TName = cmd.ExecuteScalar().ToString();
//Retrieve the UserName of the current Database User
SqlCommand curUserCommand = new SqlCommand("SELECT system_user", conn);
User = curUserCommand.ExecuteScalar().ToString();
//Adapted the following command from a T-SQL audit trigger by Nigel Rivett
//http://www.nigelrivett.net/AuditTrailTrigger.html
SqlDataAdapter PKTableAdapter = new SqlDataAdapter(@"SELECT c.COLUMN_NAME
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS pk ,
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE c
where pk.TABLE_NAME = '" + TName + @"'
and CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
and c.TABLE_NAME = pk.TABLE_NAME
and c.CONSTRAINT_NAME = pk.CONSTRAINT_NAME", conn);
DataTable PKTable = new DataTable();
PKTableAdapter.Fill(PKTable);
switch (tcontext.TriggerAction)//Switch on the Action occuring on the Table
{
case TriggerAction.Update:
iRow = inserted.Rows[0];//Get the inserted values in row form
dRow = deleted.Rows[0];//Get the overwritten values in row form
PKString = PKStringBuilder(PKTable, iRow);//the the Primary Keys and There values as a string
foreach (DataColumn column in inserted.Columns)//Walk through all possible Table Columns
{
if (!iRow[column.Ordinal].Equals(dRow[column.Ordinal]))//If value changed
{
//Build an Audit Entry
aRow = AuditTable.NewRow();
aRow["ActionType"] = "U";//U for Update
aRow["TableName"] = TName;
aRow["PK"] = PKString;
aRow["FieldName"] = column.ColumnName;
aRow["OldValue"] = dRow[column.Ordinal].ToString();
aRow["NewValue"] = iRow[column.Ordinal].ToString();
aRow["ChangeDateTime"] = DateTime.Now.ToString();
aRow["ChangedBy"] = User;
AuditTable.Rows.InsertAt(aRow, 0);//Insert the entry
}
}
break;
case TriggerAction.Insert:
iRow = inserted.Rows[0];
PKString = PKStringBuilder(PKTable, iRow);
foreach (DataColumn column in inserted.Columns)
{
//Build an Audit Entry
aRow = AuditTable.NewRow();
aRow["ActionType"] = "I";//I for Insert
aRow["TableName"] = TName;
aRow["PK"] = PKString;
aRow["FieldName"] = column.ColumnName;
aRow["OldValue"] = null;
aRow["NewValue"] = iRow[column.Ordinal].ToString();
aRow["ChangeDateTime"] = DateTime.Now.ToString();
aRow["ChangedBy"] = User;
AuditTable.Rows.InsertAt(aRow, 0);//Insert the Entry
}
break;
case TriggerAction.Delete:
dRow = deleted.Rows[0];
PKString = PKStringBuilder(PKTable, dRow);
foreach (DataColumn column in inserted.Columns)
{
//Build and Audit Entry
aRow = AuditTable.NewRow();
aRow["ActionType"] = "D";//D for Delete
aRow["TableName"] = TName;
aRow["PK"] = PKString;
aRow["FieldName"] = column.ColumnName;
aRow["OldValue"] = dRow[column.Ordinal].ToString();
aRow["NewValue"] = null;
aRow["ChangeDateTime"] = DateTime.Now.ToString();
aRow["ChangedBy"] = User;
AuditTable.Rows.InsertAt(aRow, 0);//Insert the Entry
}
break;
default:
//Do Nothing
break;
}
AuditAdapter.Update(AuditTable);//Write all Audit Entries back to AuditTable
conn.Close(); //Close the Connection
}
}
//Helper function that takes a Table of the Primary Key Column Names and the modified rows Values
//and builds a string of the form "<PKColumn1Name=Value1>,PKColumn2Name=Value2>,......"
public static string PKStringBuilder(DataTable primaryKeysTable, DataRow valuesDataRow)
{
string temp = String.Empty;
foreach (DataRow kColumn in primaryKeysTable.Rows)//for all Primary Keys of the Table that is being changed
{
temp = String.Concat(temp, String.Concat("<", kColumn[0].ToString(), "=", valuesDataRow[kColumn[0].ToString)].ToString(), ">,"));
}
return temp;
}
}
The trick was getting the Table Name and the Primary Key Columns.
I hope this code is found useful.
Comments and Suggestion will be much appreciated.
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Nov 23, 2004
Hi,
Is there a format function in MDX which will help me solve the following
scenario:
One of my measures is Net Sales and I have tried all different formats
in Analysis Services so that it shows without the decimal places i.e.
instead of showing the Net Sales for any selected combination of
Dimensions as 123,456.04, I want to show it as 123,456
When I browse the cube (in Analysis Services), I can meet my
requirement. However, in my front-end (Microsoft Data Analyzer), I am
still getting it as 123,456.04 (even when the same in Analysis services,
i.e. when I browse the cube, is being shown as 123,456).
I do not have much choice at the moment and am stuck with Microsoft Data
Analyzer and unfortunately have not been able to solve this :(
Can someone think of a solution/workaround/use of MDX which will help me
get the results being displayed without the decimal. Is there a format function that I can use in MDX and how to use it???
Many TIA
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Aug 5, 2006
Hello,What is uniqueidentifier as a data type?Also what is the data type for setting unique STRINGS ((nchar,nvarchar), for example to be used for emails and user names in a userregistration system).SQL Server does not allow me set primary keys for columns where datatypes are not INT.Thanks in advance.
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Oct 30, 2007
Table 1
First_Name
Middle_Name
Surname
John
Ian
Lennon
Mike
Buffalo
Tyson
Tom
Finney
Jones
Table 2
ID
F
M
S
DOB
1
Athony
Harold
Wilson
24/4/67
2
Margaret
Betty
Thathcer
1/1/1808
3
John
Ian
Lennon
2/2/1979
4
Mike
Buffalo
Tyson
3/4/04
5
Tom
Finney
Jones
1/1/2000
I want to be able to create a trigger that updates table 2 when a row is inserted into table 1. However I€™m not sure how to increment the ID in table 2 or to update only the row that has been inserted.
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Feb 5, 2008
A
ID
Name
1
Joe
2
Fred
3
Ian
4
Bill
B
ID
1
4
I want to be able to create a trigger so that when a row is inserted into table A by a specific user then the ID will appear in table B. Is it possible to find out the login id of the user inserting a row?
I believe the trigger should look something like this:
create trigger test_trigger
on a
for insert
as
insert into b(ID)
select i.id
from inserted i
where
--specific USER
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SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, myConn);
SqlDataReader dr;
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Mar 10, 2005
Hi,
I made a DTS which appends data coming infrom a view to an exisiting table.So far no problem and all goes well.
I am facing a problem due to the format of the date that is coming in (getting appended) and while going through BOL, came across the following topic:
mk:@MSITStore:C:Program%20FilesMicrosoft%20SQL%2 0Server80ToolsBookshowtosql.chm::/ht_dts_trns_97ou.htm
I tired the above tips but it appears that if I try to do this in my DTS (which appends data),the logic of the DTS will change. A single arrow also gets added whichI think represents a simple mapping/transformation rather than a append. To clarify my point, please note the attached image which represents that the data is being appended (due to the many sided arrows pointing to the source and destination - visible under the Transformations tab of my DTS).
Sincerely hoping that my post is clear, can someone help me find how to make changes in a DTS (which appends data) and ensuring that thelogic remains the same i.e. it should append data.
Many TIA
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Jul 24, 2007
I have a function written in postgresql that I want to create in sql server (UDF). After effort of full day I am seding this request to please help me, here is the function:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_comma_env(int4)
RETURNS text AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
rec record;
str text;
comstr text;
BEGIN
str := '';
comstr := '';
FOR rec IN SELECT class.classname FROM hostenv, class WHERE hostenv.classid = class.classid AND (hostenv.hostid = $1) LOOP
str := str || comstr || rec.classname;
comstr := ',';
END LOOP;
RETURN str;
END;
$BODY$
LANGUAGE 'plpgsql' VOLATILE;
Thanks in advance,
Syed
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there is a prblem with data in pivoting the table.
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Jan 12, 2007
Hi friends,
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Regards,
Amit
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Jul 23, 2005
Is it possible to retrieve all tables that a given one is related tovia foreign keys?
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Aug 11, 2005
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Any idea the cause of this error. I got it while trying to execute a stored proc (in sql 2005). I had just restored database and below error is stucking me to move ahead. Any help please
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Jul 25, 2007
I have a function written in postgresql that I want to create in sql server (UDF). After effort of full day I am seding this request to please help me, here is the function:
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION fn_comma_env(int4)
RETURNS text AS
$BODY$
DECLARE
rec record;
str text;
comstr text;
BEGIN
str := '';
comstr := '';
FOR rec IN SELECT class.classname FROM hostenv, class WHERE hostenv.classid = class.classid AND (hostenv.hostid = $1) LOOP
str := str || comstr || rec.classname;
comstr := ',';
END LOOP;
RETURN str;
END;
$BODY$
LANGUAGE 'plpgsql' VOLATILE;
Thanks in advance,
Syed
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Mar 20, 2008
Hi,
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Mar 24, 2004
Hi all,
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Nov 26, 2004
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Regards,
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Jan 31, 2006
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Mar 2, 2006
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Mar 8, 2006
Plz help me out making a SELECT for my imagegallery.
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Table two: [images] contains the fields [imageId], [imagePath] and forign key [albumId}
In my albumspage i would like to show all albums listed in [albums] (the easy part) AND for every album i would like to count how many images there's related to the particular album AND a random retrieve a random [imagePath]
To extract the albums something like this works: SELECT * FROM [albums] ORDER BY [albumTitle]
To count the images in a sertain album this works: SELECT COUNT(*) AS imagesCount WHERE [albumId] = ...the albumId from the album-select
And to retrieve a random imagePath this works fine: SELECT TOP 1 [imagePath] FROM [images] WHERE [imageId] = NEWID()
-But how do i combine them so that i can retrieve the data in one request? Suppose theres going to be some JOIN and group but i cant figure it out. Please help me out.
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Apr 26, 2006
Failed to generate a user instance of SQL Server due to a failure in starting the process for the user instance. The connection will be closed.
This is the error i get every now and then when i attempt to browse to a page. It seems that i am getting this error as its trying to connection to a sql express database??? Only i have set my project up to use sql server 2000 and i am using that DB but every now and then i get this error. Im not sure what else i need to do? Any ideas?
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Aug 20, 2002
Hi All,
I've created a DTS package with 2 connections to 2 servers. The operation transfers a db in server1 to server2. I have to set the sa password for each of the server (when setting up the connections).
Our policy is to change the server password regularly. This creates problem as I have to change the password setting at each of the connections. If there are 100 connections, I have to change it 100 times. Is there a way to avoid this so that we can avoid this tedious work.
TIA
Rgds,
scyeo
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Sep 8, 2006
Hi, I don't use SQL much but I need to know how to form the following query against a SQL table. I have a single table with two columns - CurrentPage and LastPage.
I need to write SQL to perform a number of iterations of a particular insert into another table, depending upon the count from CurrentPage to LastPage i've put the following Pseudocode together, but need help implementing this.
Declare counter
Set counter = currentpage
If counter > lastpage
Goto task exit loop
Else perform task - (insert string into table)
Increment counter and loop
I've been playing / reading up, but i'm getting nowhere fast -
DECLARE @Count int
DECLARE @Current string
DECLARE @Last string
SET @Current= dbSL.tblPaging_colCurrentPage
SET @Count= dbSL.tblPaging._colPagingCount
SET @Last= dbSL.tblPaging._colLastPage
WHILE @Count <= dbSL.tblPaging._colLastPage
BEGIN
PRINT 'Hello World'
SET @Count = @Count +1
END
Any help much appreciatted.
Thanks
nme
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Oct 26, 2005
Hi,
I have diferent jobs scheduled in the system but I can´t find which Package is launched by the job. I only have this information: (double click over the job, steb tab, modify button for any job step, in the command text window)
DTSRun /~Z0x9D852D31537078274085C85BE05756CCE0CA78671EC12A 4BDFFEC4E5E6017E4841EE5F41C492CCAA7F5746CA894011BB 376479B6E679EC3C6045C328D1EF1CDA7CF28B6EEFE9DFE923 7DF5662AE09BD6215C35AA4121BD2DE4433C7BABEE42EC87E7 0F47EA7C01FB44CB28
I would like to know the Package name related to.
Any help would be very appreciated.
Regards
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